Saad Zaghloul

Sa ʿ d ibn Ibrāhīm Zaghlul Pasha (. Arabic سعد بن إبراهيم زغلول باشا, DMG Sa ʿ d b Ibrāhīm Zaglul Pasha) (* July 1859 in Ibyana; † August 23, 1927 in Cairo ) was an Egyptian politician who as leader of the nationalist Wafd began Party for Egyptian independence and 1924, the Egyptian prime minister.

From 1873 to 1880 Sa ʿ d Zaghlul studied at al- Azhar University. From 1907 to 1910 he was Egyptian Minister of Education. During this time, he tried to reform of government agencies and founded a school for Kadis, who was directly subordinate to the Ministry of Education.

His arrest on March 8, 1919 sparked strikes and mass demonstrations. On March 9, 1919 in Egypt broke out the first revolution. In Cairo, organized student of law at al- Azhar University mass protests that quickly spread all over Egypt. Zaghlul and three other leaders of the Wafd party were exiled to Malta. Then there were violent clashes between Wafd supporters and British military in the course of about 800 Egyptians were killed within three weeks. On April 7, 1919, the British government approved the return of the exiles.

On April 11, 1919 the Wafd delegation at the Paris Peace Conference put forward the demand for Egyptian independence. This request failed because the U.S. opposed it. Zaghlul was arrested again and taken to Aden at first, and later to the Seychelles. After independence, the Wafd was the politically dominant force in Egypt for several decades. In the election of 12 January 1924, it reached an overwhelming majority. On January 26, 1924 Zaghlul was appointed Prime Minister. After the assassination of Sir Lee Stack, governor of Sudan, the UK government exerted political pressure on Egypt, who had to resign Zaghlul on November 24, 1924 episode.

After the deceased was called 11 years later, in 1938, an offshoot of the Wafd, the Saadist Institutional Party SIP, which is expected to the liberal tradition of the monarchists in the country. They ruled the country of 10 October 1944 to 17 February 1946.