Sculpin

The Cotto Idea are a superfamily gropp -like fish which occur mainly in cold and temperate marine regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The members of the genus Cottus, the two types of Baikal oil fish and other endemic in the Lake Baikal and its tributaries Gropp species live in cold fresh water, from the southern hemisphere are known only to relatively few marine species. Overall, the family has nearly 400 species in nearly 100 genera.

System

The Cotto Idea are the most species-rich group of Gropp relatives who traditionally make a subordination of flatheads ( Scorpaeniformes ) or in the new bone fish systematics of Wiley & Johnson a subordination of Gropp -like ( Cotti Formes ). Depending on the author of eight to ten families are placed in the Cotto Cotto Idea and the Idea of the Cyclopteroidea ( lumpfish ( Cyclopteridae ) and washer Bellies ( Liparidae ) ) are compared as a sister group. In Wiley & Johnson will also take these two families and Normanichthys be included in the Cotto Idea.

Features

Nelson is a characteristic feature for the Cotto Idea, among other things, the absence of the sphenoid ( basisphenoid ) and the Hypurapophyse and the lack of contact of the shoulder blade ( scapula ) to the coracoid ( coracoid ). Mamoru Yabe lists other examples, including the molded lacrimal bone and infra orbital tubular structure around the orbit. The jaw anatomy of Cotto Idea corresponds to the basic structure for all percomorphen fish. The tongue apparatus Rhamphocottus richardsonii and Jordania missing zonope the Basihyale, an element between the tongue legs while it is present in all other Cotto Idea. While a generalized percomorpher fish has four Pharyngealia with three tooth plates in the throat, occur in the Cotto Idea four types: type A with three Pharyngealia and two tooth plates, type B with two Pharyngealia and two tooth plates, type C with two Pharyngealia and a face plate and type D with a Pharyngealia and a face plate. Also in the anatomy of the shoulder blade, two types show: Type A go with a closed shoulder blade and a crack in the front part of the bone lying and type B with an opening of the scapula to Cleithrum. In generalized percomorphen fish the shoulder blade is without foramen and without crack.

Families

• Deepwater sculpins ( Abyssocottidae )
• Panzer bullheads ( Agonidae )
• Antarctica bullheads ( Bathylutichthyidae )
• Baikal oil fish ( Comephoridae )
• Sculpins ( Cottidae )
• Ereuniidae
• Cormorants ( Hemitripteridae )
• Fathead sculpins ( Psychrolutidae )
• Grunzgroppen ( Rhamphocottidae )
• Normanichthyidae
• Lumpfish ( Cyclopteridae )
• Disc Bellies ( Liparidae )