Sigelwara Land

Sigelwara country is written in two parts essay by the English author JRR Tolkien. The first part was published in December 1932; the second part. Manuscripts and galley proofs to the tower are in June 1934, in the Bodleian Library at Oxford University.

Content

In the essay deals J.R.R. Tolkien with the question of why the Anglo-Saxons with Sigelwara had their own name for the Ethiopians and what the name meant.

In the first part of Tolkien lists all the places where occur the Old English term Sigelwaran and its more common form Sigelhearwan.

Tolkien believes that the name Sigelhearwan already existed before the Anglo-Saxons had ever heard of Ethiopians, and that in him a part of the " defunct local mythology [ ... ] or semi-mythical geography " is preserved. Accordingly, it is very likely that the components of the word are old and their meanings clear. It examines their forms and comes to the conclusion that Sigelwara was probably quite a late distortion, characterized by people who no longer understood the original name. This had apparently kept Sigel for a geographic designation and the unknown hearwa replaced them by wara (German residents ).

In the second part of the essay, Tolkien discusses the importance of the two components of the word:

Sigel is with the meaning sun, but also gemstone, multiple assignments. In what sense it was used here, he can not find a final settlement. It is generally assumed that it means sun, which also Tolkien thinks it probable.

The importance of hearwa remains unclear. Tolkien discusses three options in more detail:

  • It is derived from an Indo-European root * qer ( s ) - (Eng. black). A Sigelhearwa would then someone has made the sun black.
  • It is derived from the Germanic adjective * Color haswo - of similar meaning.
  • It is related to gothic Hauri (German coal) and Old Norse hyr -r ( dt fire). Tolkien says, in this case, would the Anglo-Saxons, as they had coined the name Sigelhearwan, probably thinking of the sons Múspells as to the children of Ham. Muspell is a fire giant of Norse mythology, whose sons fight at Ragnarok against the gods, and destroy the world in a massive fire. According to the Bible Ham ( 1 Mos. 5.32 ) the son of Noah and ancestor of Hamites, the peoples of North Africa and southern Arabia ( 1 Mos. 10, 6-20).

Tolkien concludes by noting that studies of this type, although the income, but do not be pointless necessarily: it granted a glimpse into the background of English and Nordic traditions and the imagination of a past that was already faded, when the first written records created.

Songs for the Philologists (1936 ) • The Hobbit (1937 ) • Journal of Tinker (1947 ) • The Lay of Aotrou and Itroun (1945 ) • Farmer Giles of Ham ( 1949) • The Homecoming of Beorhtnoth Beorhthelm 's Son ( 1953) • The Lord of the Rings (1954 /55) • the Adventures of Tom Bombadil and Other Poems from the Red Book ( 1962) • Tree and Leaf ( 1964) • the Tolkien Reader ( 1966) • the Road Goes Ever On ( 1967) • Smith of Wootton major (1967 )

The Father Christmas Letters (1976 ) • The Silmarillion (1977 ) • News from Middle Earth (1980 ) • Mr. Bliss (1982 ) • Bilbo's Farewell Song (1990 ) • The History of Middle-earth ( 12 volumes; 1983-1996 ) • Roverandom (1998) • ​​The Children of Húrin (2007) • The History of The Hobbit (2007) • The Legend of Sigurd and Gudrun ( 2009) • The Fall of Arthur (2013 )

A Middle English Vocabulary (1922 ) • Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (Middle English text, 1925) • Some Contributions to Middle- English Lexicography (1925 ) • The Devil 's Coach Horses (1925 ) • Ancrene Wisse and Hali Meiðhad (1929 ) • The Name " Nodens " (1932 ) • Sigelwara country parts I and II, in medium Aevum ( 1932-1934 ) • Chaucer as a Philologist: The Reeve 's Prologue and Tale ( 1934) • Beowulf: The monsters and their critics (1936 ) • The Reeve 's Tale: version prepared for recitation at the "summer diversions " (1939 ) • on Fairy- Stories ( 1939) • Sir Orfeo (1944 ) • Ofermod and Beorhtnoth 's Death (1953 ) • Middle English " Losenger ": Sketch of an etymological and semantic inquiry (1953 ) • Ancrene Wisse: The English text of the Ancrene Riwle (1962 ) • English and Welsh ( 1963) • Introduction to Tree and Leaf ( 1964) • Contributions to the Jerusalem Bible (as translator and lexicographer ) ( 1966) • Tolkien on Tolkien ( autobiographical ) ( 1966)

Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Pearl and Sir Orfeo (translations into modern English Language, 1975) • Finn and Hengest (1982 ) • The Monsters and the Critics (1983 ) • Beowulf and the Critics (2002)

  • Literary work
  • By J. R. R. Tolkien
  • Literature ( English )
  • Literature ( 20th century)
Ham (son of Noah) Hamitic The Lord of the Rings Unfinished Tales Bilbo's Last Song
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