Soleidae

Sole ( Solea solea )

Sole ( Soleidae, from Latin solea sandal = ) are a family of flatfish ( Pleuronectiformes ), whose representatives can be found both in the sea and in brackish and fresh water, where they feed on crustaceans and small invertebrates. Tongues live on the bottom of water bodies. The family includes 89 species in 22 genera, of which Solea is the largest. Soles are widespread in all oceans, partly as a delicious fish known and therefore have economic importance as the sole ( Solea solea ).

Features

Sole reach body lengths of a few centimeters to 70 centimeters. It is characterized by the flat, oval body and the asymmetric arrangement of the eyes, which always lie with the sole on the right side of the body. The dorsal fin begins over or in front of the eyes. It is not hard jets. Dorsal and anal fin can grown together with the caudal fin or be free. The pectoral fins are not grown together with the anal fin. Pelvic fins may be present or absent. The edge of the Vorkiemendeckels is covered by skin and scales. They spawn in the open water, where they can drive their eggs. Sole generally have a darker body top than bottom - and can change color to match the surroundings. Fossils indicate that there was sole already in the Eocene.

System

Fishbase has over 170 species in 28 genera on:

  • Genus Achiroides Achiroides leucorhynchos Bleeker, 1851.
  • Achiroides melanorhynchus ( Bleeker, 1851).
  • Aesopia cornuta Kaup, 1858.
  • Aseraggodes andersoni Randall & Bogorodsky, 2013.
  • Aseraggodes bahamondei Randall & Meléndez, 1987.
  • Aseraggodes borehami Randall, 1996.
  • Aseraggodes cyaneus ( Alcock, 1890).
  • Aseraggodes dubius Weber, 1913.
  • Aseraggodes Filiger Weber, 1913.
  • Aseraggodes guttulatus Kaup, 1858.
  • Aseraggodes haackeanus ( Steindachner, 1883).
  • Aseraggodes herrei Seale, 1940.
  • Aseraggodes holcomi Randall, 2002.
  • Aseraggodes kaianus ( Günther, 1880).
  • Aseraggodes klunzingeri ( Weber, 1907).
  • Aseraggodes kobensis ( Steindachner, 1896).
  • Aseraggodes kruppi Randall & Bogorodsky, 2013.
  • Aseraggodes macleayanus ( Ramsay, 1881).
  • Aseraggodes macronasus Randall & Bogorodsky, 2013.
  • Aseraggodes martine Randall & Bogorodsky, 2013.
  • Aseraggodes melanostictus (Peters, 1877).
  • Aseraggodes microlepidotus ( Fowler, 1946).
  • Aseraggodes normani Chabanaud, 1930.
  • Aseraggodes ocellatus Weed, 1961.
  • Aseraggodes persimilis ( Günther, 1909).
  • Aseraggodes ramsayi ( Ogilby, 1889).
  • Aseraggodes sinusarabici Chabanaud, 1931.
  • Aseraggodes smithi Woods, 1966.
  • Aseraggodes texturatus Weber, 1913.
  • Aseraggodes therese Randall, 1996.
  • Aseraggodes whitakeri Woods, 1966.
  • Austroglossus microlepis ( Bleeker, 1863).
  • Austroglossus pectoralis ( Kaup, 1858).
  • Bathysolea lactea Roule, 1916.
  • Bathysolea lagarderae Quéro & Desoutter, 1990.
  • Bathysolea pollination ( Chabanaud, 1950).
  • Bathysolea profundicola ( Vaillant, 1888).
  • Brachirus Aenea (Smith, 1931).
  • Brachirus annularis Fowler, 1934.
  • Brachirus aspilos ( Bleeker, 1852).
  • Brachirus dicholepis (Peters, 1877).
  • Brachirus elongatus ( Day, 1877).
  • Brachirus harm andi ( Sauvage, 1878).
  • Brachirus heterolepis ( Bleeker, 1856).
  • Brachirus macrolepis ( Bleeker, 1858).
  • Brachirus muelleri ( Steindachner, 1879).
  • Brachirus orientalis ( Bloch & Schneider, 1801).
  • Brachirus pan (Hamilton, 1822).
  • Brachirus panoides ( Bleeker, 1851).
  • Brachirus siamensis ( Sauvage, 1878).
  • Brachirus sorsogonensis ( Evermann & Seale, 1907).
  • Brachirus swinhonis ( Steindachner, 1867).
  • Dwarf tongue ( Buglossidium luteum ) ( Risso, 1810). Buglossidium luteum
  • Dagetichthys lakdoensis Stauch & Blanc, 1964.
  • Bastard Tongue ( Dicologlossa cuneata ) ( Moreau, 1881).
  • Dicologlossa hexophthalma ( Bennett, 1831).
  • Heteromycteris capensis Kaup, 1858.
  • Heteromycteris hartzfeldii ( Bleeker, 1853).
  • Heteromycteris japonicus ( Bleeker, 1860).
  • Heteromycteris matsubarai Ochiai, 1963.
  • Heteromycteris oculus ( Alcock, 1889).
  • Heteromycteris proboscideus ( Chabanaud, 1925).
  • Liachirus melanospilos ( Bleeker, 1854).
  • Liachirus whitleyi Chabanaud, 1950.
  • Microchirus azevia ( Brito Capello, 1867).
  • Microchirus boscanion ( Chabanaud, 1926).
  • Microchirus frechkopi Chabanaud, 1952.
  • Microchirus ocellatus ( Weed, 1961).
  • Microchirus Theophila ( Risso, 1810).
  • Strip tongue ( Microchirus variegatus ) ( Donovan, 1808).
  • Microchirus wittei Chabanaud, 1950.
  • Monochirus hispidus Rafinesque, 1814.
  • Monochirus trichodactylus ( Nardo, 1827).
  • Parachirus diringeri Quéro, 1997.
  • Parachirus hedleyi Ogilby, 1916.
  • Parachirus xenicus Matsubara & Ochiai, 1963.
  • Paradicula Setifer ( Paradice, 1927).
  • Pardachirus Balius Randall & Mee, 1994.
  • Pardachirus hedleyi Ogilby, 1916.
  • Pardachirus marmoratus ( Lacépède, 1802).
  • Pardachirus morrowi ( Chabanaud, 1954).
  • Pardachirus pavoninus ( Lacépède, 1802).
  • Pardachirus poropterus ( Bleeker, 1851).
  • Pegusa cadenati Chabanaud, 1954.
  • Pegusa impar ( Bennett, 1831).
  • Sand spit ( Pegusa lascaris ) ( Risso, 1810). Pegusa lascaris
  • Pegusa triophthalma ( Bleeker, 1863).
  • Phyllichthys punctatus McCulloch, 1916.
  • Phyllichthys sclerolepis ( Macleay, 1878).
  • Phyllichthys sejunctus Whitley, 1935.
  • Rendahlia jaubertensis ( Rendahl, 1921).
  • Rhinosolea microlepidota Fowler, 1946.
  • Solea aegyptiaca Chabanaud, 1927.
  • Solea bleekeri Boulenger, 1898.
  • Solea capensis ( Kaup, 1858).
  • Solea elongata Day, 1877.
  • Solea fulvomarginata Gilchrist, 1904.
  • Solea heinii Steindachner, 1903.
  • Solea humilis Cantor, 1849.
  • Solea ovata Richardson, 1846.
  • Solea senegalensis Kaup, 1858.
  • Sole ( Solea solea ) (Linnaeus, 1758).
  • Solea stanalandi Randall & McCarthy, 1989.
  • Soleichthys heterosexual rhinos ( Bleeker, 1856).
  • Soleichthys maculosus Muchhala & Munroe, 2004.
  • Soleichthys microcephalus ( Günther, 1862).
  • Soleichthys siammakuti Wongratana, 1975.
  • Soleichthys tubifera (Peters, 1876).
  • Strabozebrias cancellatus ( McCulloch, 1916).
  • Synaptura albomaculata Kaup, 1858.
  • Synaptura cadenati ( Chabanaud, 1954).
  • Synaptura commersonnii ( Lacépède, 1802).
  • Synaptura lusitanica lusitanica Brito Capello, 1868.
  • Synaptura lusitanica nigromaculata Pellegrin, 1905.
  • Synaptura marginata Boulenger, 1900.
  • Synaptura megalepidoura ( Fowler, 1934).
  • Synaptura nigra Macleay, 1880.
  • Synaptura salinarum ( Ogilby, 1910).
  • Synaptura selheimi Macleay, 1882.
  • Synaptura villosa Weber, in 1907.
  • Synapturichthys kleinii ( Risso, 1827).
  • Typhlachirus caecus Hardenberg, 1931.
  • Vanstraelenia chirophthalma ( Regan, 1915).
  • Zebrias altipinnis ( Alcock, 1890).
  • Zebrias annandalei Talwar & Chakrapany, 1967.
  • Zebrias captivus Randall, 1995.
  • Zebrias craticula ( McCulloch, 1916).
  • Zebrias crossolepis Zheng & Chang, 1965.
  • Zebrias fasciatus ( Basilewsky, 1855).
  • Zebrias japonica ( Bleeker, 1860).
  • Zebrias keralensis Joglekar, 1976.
  • Zebrias lucapensis Seigel & Adamson, 1985.
  • Zebrias maculosus Oommen, 1977.
  • Zebrias munroi ( Whitley, 1966).
  • Zebrias penescalaris Gomon, 1987.
  • Zebrias quagga ( Kaup, 1858).
  • Zebrias regani ( Gilchrist, 1906).
  • Zebrias scalaris Gomon, 1987.
  • Zebrias synapturoides ( Jenkins, 1910).
  • Zebrias zebra ( Bloch, 1787).
  • Zebrias zebrinus ( Temminck & Schlegel, 1846).
Common sole Pieter Bleeker Johann Jakob Kaup Alfred William Alcock Franz Steindachner William Ogilby Johann Gottlob Theaenus Schneider Antoine Risso George Albert Boulenger Theodore Edward Cantor John Richardson (naturalist) Charles Tate Regan Hermann Schlegel Joseph S. Nelson
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