Stellaria
Large chickweed ( Stellaria holostea )
The chickweed ( Stellaria ) are a genus of flowering plants in the Caryophyllaceae family ( Caryophyllaceae ). The 120 to 200 species are distributed almost worldwide, mainly they thrive in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere.
- 3.1 Literature
- 3.2 Notes and references
- 3.3 External links
Description and ecology
Vegetative characteristics
The chickweed species are annual or perennial herbaceous plants. Often without a rhizome root tuber is used as Überdauerungsorgan. The stems are square in some species. The simple leaves are opposite, as with all representatives of the family.
Generative features
The flowers are in like Asia, rarely alone or in pairs. The bracts are trockenhäutig or herbaceous.
The usually hermaphroditic ( dicranoides in Stellaria unisexual ) flowers are radiärsymmertrisch and fünfzählig and have a double perianth. The five green sepals are herbaceous and are in the fruit ripening of the fruit capsule to. The five or fewer petals are deep columns and white, sometimes reddish, rarely green; rarely they are missing. There are ten fertile stamens, rarely three or five or none. At their base they usually have nectar glands. The stamp usually has three ( two to five ) from 0.2 to 7 mm long stylus. The flowers are protandrisch, homogam, or protogyn. Pollination is by insects or self-pollination.
The spherical to cylindrical capsule fruits are usually unilocular and jump of three or six (sometimes four, eight or ten) flaps to the center and contain (one or ) usually three to twenty seeds. The seeds are round to kidney-shaped and at the edge wrinkled - papillose. The propagation is carried by the wind ( Anemochorie ).
System
The genus Stellaria was erected in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum, 1, p 421. A synonym for Stellaria L. Alsine L.
The genus belongs to the tribe Stellaria Alsineae in the subfamily within the family Caryophyllaceae Alsinoideae.
Of the world's 120 to 200 Stellaria species ( selection ) occur in Europe about 18 species before:
- Bach chickweed ( Stellaria alsine Grimm, Syn: Stellaria uliginosa Murray )
- Stellaria anagalloides Rupr.
- Stellaria borealis Bigelow
- Stellaria bungeana Fenzl
- Stellaria calycantha ( Ledeb. ) Bong: . It occurs in northern Europe, North America and East Asia.
- Stellaria chilensis Pedersen: It is native to Chile.
- Stellaria ciliatisepala Trautv.
- Stellaria cilicica Boiss. & Balansa
- Stellaria dichotoma L.: It is native to East Asia and China.
- Stellaria fennica ( Murb. ) Perfil.
- Grass chickweed ( Stellaria graminea L.)
- Stellaria hebecalyx Fenzl
- Large chickweed ( Stellaria holostea L.), also called True Sternmiere
- Stellaria humifusa Rottb.
- Stellaria kotschyana Boiss.
- Long Leaf chickweed ( Stellaria longifolia Muhl. Ex Willd. )
- Stellaria longipes Goldie: It occurs in northern Europe and North America.
- Bird chickweed ( Stellaria media (L.) Vill. )
- Large-flowered bird chickweed ( Stellaria neglecta Weihe )
- Stellaria nemorum L.: The subspecies: Hain- chickweed ( Stellaria nemorum L. subsp. Nemorum )
- Mountain chickweed ( Stellaria nemorum subsp montana ( Pierrat ) Berher, Syn. Stellaria montana Pierrat, Stellaria nemorum subsp glochidisperma Murb, Stellaria glochidisperma ( Murb. ) Freyn, Stellaria nemorum subsp circaeoides AFSchwarz. .. )