Vicia tetrasperma

Viersamige vetch (Vicia tetrasperma )

The Viersamige vetch (Vicia tetrasperma ) is one that spreads in Central Europe and most frequently occurring species in the genus Vicia in the subfamily of the Fabaceae ( Faboideae ) within the legume family ( Fabaceae ).

Habitus and sheets

The Viersamige vetch is an annual or overwintering - annual herbaceous plant, it is very hairy hairless or scattered. The stems are usually numerous, about 10 to 50 cm long, prostrate or climbing, very thin and weak edges.

The leaves are shorter to slightly longer than the Stängelinternodien and have a long, mostly simple, rarely two or more parts, missing only at the lowest fan leaves tendril. They are equipped with mostly three or four pairs of leaflets. These are linear, more or less 0.5 to 2 cm long and 0.5 to 3 mm wide, obtuse or acute (not emarginate ), fresh green and mostly without distinct lateral nerves.

The stipules are half arrow-shaped, the upper narrowly linear, undivided and pointed.

Inflorescences, flowers, fruits and seeds

• Blossom details
• Legumes

Usually only one, rarely two to five flowers are in inflorescences that have a 1.5 to 4 cm long, thin, generally not expire in a awn axis. The zygomorphic flowers are 5-9 mm long. The cup is equipped with top-shaped and very unequal teeth, the lower are subulate, as long as or longer than the tube, the upper ones are much shorter and triangular in shape. The petals are bluish white to light purple. The flag is veined purple. It flowers in May and June often again in September and October.

The short- stalked legumes are linear, about 1 to 1.5 cm long and 3-4 mm wide, front rounded, provided with sharply contrasting, birnförmigem pen rest, flat, mostly completely bald, mature bright leather becoming brown, and usually four or fünfsamig.

The seeds are lenticular, nearly spherical, 1.5 to 2 mm long and dull greenish gray to brown to dark brown.

The species has the chromosome number 2n = 14

Occurrence

Vicia tetrasperma arrives in Europe ( naturally only in southern Europe ), West Asia and North Africa before. It is now, however, dragged the world. The species is originally native only in southern Europe. The Viersamige vetch is a sub-Mediterranean -Eurasian matic Florenelement.

In Germany this Wickenart is quite prevalent in Bavaria. However, it is largely absent in the Alps or in the foothills.

The Viersamige Wicke takes in Central Europe, mainly in fields, especially on lime-poor sandy and clay soils, rarely on field margins, roadsides, on debris in dry meadows, heaths and in bushes before. Phytosociological it is in Central Europe, a weak characteristic species of Alchemillo - Matricarietum or the Vicietum tetra spermae ( Aperion Association); but it also occurs in acidophilous Molinion companies.