Wilhelm von Freeden

Wilhelm Ihno Adolph von Freeden ( born May 12, 1822 in the north; † January 11, 1894 in Bonn ) was a German mathematician, scientist, oceanographer and founder of the North German Naval Observatory.

Life

Wilhelm von Freeden studied in Bonn and Göttingen mathematics and science, and has been for bigger trips teachers at high schools in the north and Jever. In 1856 he became a teacher in 1860 rector of the school of navigation in Elsfleth (now the Department of Maritime Studies of the University of Applied Sciences Oldenburg / Ostfriesland / Wilhelmshaven ). He retired on 1 September in 1867 from the civil service and founded in 1867 in Hamburg, the private Institute of the North German Naval Observatory. Freeden was director and principal employee of the Institute, which was subsidized by sides of the Hamburg Chamber of Commerce and of the empire. The North German Naval Observatory was disbanded in February 1875, her area of ​​responsibility was taken over by the newly founded German Naval Observatory. Here he developed a spread of activity in all parts of the world in terms of practical sailing instructions, oceanography, marine statistics, oceanic meteorology and storm warnings. In the German North Pole club he strove to promote German North rides.

From 1871 to 1877 he belonged to the German Reichstag as MP for the constituency Province of Hanover 1 ( Emden - North - empty) to, in which he is the fraction of the National Liberal Party joined. Since 1877, Wilhelm von Freeden lived in Bonn. He is the grandfather of art historian Max Hermann von Freeden.

From Freeden was a member of the Corps Guestphalia Bonn (1842 ) and Frisia Göttingen ( 1846).

Writings

• The practice of the method of least squares. Processed for the needs of beginners. Volume 1: Basic illustration of the method, together with complete collection of calculated physical, meteorological, geodetic and astronomical tasks that lead to linear and transcendental equations. Vieweg, Braunschweig, 1863.
• Manual of Seamanship and its auxiliary sciences. Schulze, Oldenburg 1864.
• As to the scientific results of the first German North ride from 1868. Public lecture, held in association for art and science of Hamburg, together with particular embodiments of the weather book and a map that sailed way of " Greenland ", and the flows, isotherms, Isametralen and Isogonals the North sea containing ( = Mittheilungen from the North German Naval Observatory. Vol. 1, 1869, ZDB - ID 1001305-2 ). Mauke, Hamburg 1869.
• Northwest German Weather calendar. After ten years of observations at the meteorological station Elsfleth on the Weser in the years 1858-67 ( = Mittheilungen from the North German Naval Observatory. Vol. 2, 1869). Mauke, Hamburg 1869.
• About the steamship routes between the channel and Newyork. According to the Journal- extracts of the steamers of the North German Lloyd in the years 1860-1867. In addition to wind and weather in the same time (= Mittheilungen from the North German Naval Observatory. Vol. 3, 1870). Friedrichsen, Hamburg 1870.
• Barometer book on the use of seamen. According to the latest issue of " Barometer Manual for the use of seamen " of the " Meteorological office" to London translated from English. Schulze, Oldenburg 1885.

1849 to 1850 he edited with Böckel the outdoors leaves in Jever and since 1870, the Hansa, Journal of Maritime Affairs.

Honors

For William of Free Dens contributions to the support of the First German Arctic expedition in 1868 under the direction of Carl Koldeweys were named after him: the Freeden Island in the Franz Josef Land, the Cape Freeden the archipelago of Svalbard, the Freeden - Bai in the south of the island Shannon in the Weddell Sea in Antarctica and the Freeden Seamount in the South Pacific. on the east coast of Greenland, the Freeden - bank