William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle

William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle KG, KB, PC ( * 1592, † December 25, 1676 ) was an English general and politician.

Life

William Cavendish was the nephew of William Cavendish, 1st Earl of Devonshire. He was educated at St John 's College, Cambridge and charged by King James I in 1610 Knight of the Order of the Bath. In 1628 he was by King Charles I, after he had entertained him lavishly on his family estate Welbeck, Earl of Newcastle and ten years later educator whose son Charles II. Staunch royalist as he stood in the Civil War on the side of the king.

As general of all forces north of the Trent, he had the power to adopt declarations to beat Knights to coin money and to carry soldiers. Especially the latter law, he also made frequent use. After the battle of Marston Moor in 1644 he had to leave England, and lived on the continent in great poverty. In 1655 he became Duke of Newcastle and returned in 1660 in the Stuart Restoration returned to England. He suffered later from Parkinson 's disease and was buried in Westminster Abbey.

As a riding instructor in Antwerp, he was the author of the following works for equestrianism:

  • Méthode et Invention nouvelle de dresser les chevaux (German zuzureiten The new way horses) ( 1658)
  • A New Method and Extraordinary Invention to Dress Horses and Work them accor ding to Nature ( 1667)

Both contain valuable engravings by Abraham van Diepenbeeck, one of Rubens 's pupil. It is based on Pluvinel, but interprets this contradictory and headstrong, is the inventor and rude users of the ( controversial till today ) Schlaufzügels, but also the Kappzaums to protect the horse's mouth.

Together with his brother, the mathematician Charles Cavendish, he formed in the 1630s a philosophical and scientific circles, which included Robert Payne, Walter Warner and Thomas Hobbes. After manor of Cavendish in Nottinghamshire this was also called Welbeck Academy.

His second wife, Margaret Cavendish was a writer.

Publications

  • The varietie, printed 1649.
James VI and I River Trent Restoration (England) Peter Paul Rubens Antoine de Pluvinel Robert Payne (author) Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of Newcastle-upon-Tyne Integrated Authority File
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