Zayyanid dynasty
The Abdalwadiden (Arabic بنو عبد الواد, DMG Banū ʿ Abd al - Wad ), also Ziyaniden or Zayyaniden (Arabic زيانيون, DMG Ziyānīyūn or Zayyānīyūn ) called, were a Muslim dynasty in western Algeria. She reigned in the period 1235-1555.
1235 Abu Yahya ibn Yaghmurasan Zayyan / Ziyan made as leader of the Berber Banu Abd al - Wad (also: Banu Ziyan / Zayyan ) by the Almohads independent and founded the kingdom of the West Algeria Abdalwadiden with capital Tlemcen. He was able to draw upon the Banu Hilal. But eastern Algeria remained under the rule of the Hafsids of Tunis. The Abdalwadidenreich gained considerable economic importance as the intersection of East-West trade routes as well as the trans-Saharan trade.
Since the Abdalwadiden were threatened by the powerful Marinids in Morocco and the Hafsids in Ifriqiya, they tried to maintain good relations with the Nasrid Granada and Castile. Since 1283 the kingdom of continuing attacks from Marinids was exposed, but could there under Abu Musa Hammu I. ( 1308-1318 ) and Abu Tashfin I. ( 1318-1337 ) experiencing a heyday, but by the merinidische occupation of the country ( 1335 - 1359 ) was interrupted.
Under Abu Musa Hammu II (1359-1383) the empire regained its independence, but lost in the 15th century due to internal power struggles and upheavals of the Bedouins its meaning. First, the Abdalwadiden vassals of Marinids were, since 1411, sovereignty of the Hafsids had to be recognized. During this time there was a nearly complete Arabization of the Berbers in the western Algeria by the Bedouins.
1509 had the Abdalwadiden the supremacy of Spain recognize this as a conquered Oran. Until 1554 the kingdom between Spain and Muslim corsairs, who were supported by the Ottomans, was hotly debated. The latter could 1550 finally conquer the kingdom of Tlemcen and Abdalwadiden an end.
Ruler list
- Abu Yahya (1236-1282)
- Abu Said Uthman I. (1282-1303)
- Abu Zayyan I.Muhammad (1303-1308)
- Abu Musa Hammu I. (1308-1318)
- Abu Tashfin I. (1318-1337)
- To Morocco (1337-1348)
- Abu Said Uthman II (1348-1352)
- Al- Zaim Abu Thabit I. (1348-1352)
- To Morocco (1352-1359)
- Abu Musa Hammu II (1359-1360)
- Abu Zayyan Muhammad II ( 1360 )
- Reinstated Abu Musa Hammu II (1360-1370)
- Abu Zayyan Muhammad II (1370-1372) reinstated
- Reinstated Abu Musa Hammu II (1372-1383)
- Abu Zayyan Muhammad II (1383-1384) reinstated
- Reinstated Abu Musa Hammu II (1384-1387)
- Reinstated Abu Zayyan Muhammad II ( 1387 )
- Reinstated Abu Musa Hammu II (1387-1389)
- Abu Tashfin II (1389-1394)
- Abu Thabit Yusuf II ( 1394)
- Abul- Hajjaj Yusuf II (1394-1395)
- Abu Zayyan Muhammad III. (1395-1400)
- Abu Muhammad Abdallah I. (1400-1402)
- Abu Abdallah Muhammad IV (1402-1411)
- Tashfin Abu Abd ar -Rahman III. ( 1411 )
- Said Ibn Musa ( 1411 )
- Abu Malik Abd al - Wahid (1411-1424)
- Abu Abdallah Muhammad V (1424-1428)
- Abu Malik Abd al - Wahid (1428-1430) reinstated
- Abu Abdallah Muhammad V. ( 1430) reinstated
- Abul- Abbas Ahmad I. al - Aqil (1430-1462)
- Abu Abdallah Muhammad VI. (1462-1469)
- Abu Tashfin III. ( 1469 )
- Abu Abdallah Muhammad VII (1469-1504)
- Abu Abdallah Muhammad VIII (1504-1517)
- Abu Musa Hammu III. (1517-1528)
- Abu Muhammad Abdallah II (1528-1540)
- Abu Abdallah Muhammad IX. (1540-1541)
- Ahmad II (1541-1543)
- Abu Abdallah Muhammad IX. ( 1543) reinstated
- To Spain (1543-1544)
- Ahmad II (1544-1550)
- Al -Hassan (1550-1555)