1-Propanol

• N-propanol
• Propyl alcohol
• Propanol
• Optal
• Terosol
• 1- hydroxypropan

Colorless, odor of alcohol liquid

Liquid

0.80 g · cm -3 ( 20 ° C)

-126 ° C

97 ° C

20 hPa ( 20 ° C)

Miscible with water, ethanol and diethyl ether

1.385 (at 20 ° C)

Risk

1870 mg · kg -1 ( LD50, rat, oral)

-302.6 KJ / mol

Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available

1-propanol (also n-propanol, n-propyl, IUPAC propan-1- ol), but usually simply referred to as isopropanol, is an organic compound selected from the class of alcohols. Is a monovalent, primary alkanol. From 1 -propanol there is exactly one isomeric alcohol, the branched 2-propanol ( or isopropyl alcohol).

System

1 -propanol ( C3H7OH ) is related to the linear n- alkanols. 1-propanol derived from the alkane ( saturated hydrocarbon ), propane ( C3H8 ), which formally is a hydrogen atom has been replaced by the functional hydroxyl ( -OH). To name the name of the suffix -ol propane is appended. The molecular formula for 1- propanol according to the Hill system is C3H8O, C3H7OH also used the spelling is not a sum, but half structural formula.

Occurrence

1 -propanol, is included in the fusel oils, that is a natural breakdown product of yeast metabolism.

Production and representation

1-propanol is produced by catalytic hydrogenation of propionaldehyde:

Properties

Physical Properties

1- propanol is at room temperature before and watery clear liquid that smells like ethanol. The flash point is 15 ° C, the ignition temperature at 360 ° C. The lower explosive limit is 2.1 vol - %, the upper at UEL 13.5 vol - %. The refractive index at 20 ° C is 1.385.

The compound forms a variety of solvents azeotropically boiling mixtures. The azeotropic compositions and boiling points are given in the following table. No azeotropes are formed with methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-butanol, iso- butanol, sec- butanol, ethanediol, n-pentane, chloroform, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate and pyridine.

Chemical Properties

Due to the longer hydrophobic residue tends 1- propanol significantly less water uptake than the lower alcohols. By reaction with alkali metals, propoxides can be produced.

Use

1-propanol is often used as a solvent, for example in the manufacturing process. Furthermore, it can be included in cleaning and disinfectant. It serves as a starting material for the production of insecticides, herbicides and pharmaceuticals.

In some applications, it replaces the toxic methanol.

Toxicology

1 -propanol vapors irritate eyes, skin and mucous membranes. Direct contact of liquid with eyes may result in severe eye damage. During recording, the liquid acts like an anesthetic, such as ethanol and in higher concentrations cause dizziness, drowsiness, and at high concentrations intoxication or even loss of consciousness. Due to the possibility of serious damage to the eyes to be used for manual usage, as for example, when dispensed as a cleansing agent, to 1 -propanol and 2-propanol, less hazardous ( isopropanol). If this is not possible, safety glasses should be worn when working with 1- propanol.