Abies nephrolepis
East Siberian fir ( Abies nephrolepis )
The East Siberian fir ( Abies nephrolepis ) is a coniferous tree from the kind of fir (Abies ). It occurs in south-east Russia, northeast China and on the Korean Peninsula.
Description
The East Siberian fir is reached between 100 and 120 centimeters an evergreen tree, the plant height of 30 to 35 meters and diameter at breast height. The branches go horizontally from the straight trunk. The conical or oval crown flattens with increasing age. Young trees have a smooth, light gray to gray -brown bark which darkens with age and tears. The yellowish gray-brown Two Grinde is grooved and has a sparse hair in the furrows on. One finds on her round leaf scars.
The resinous winter buds are round shaped. The dark green, straight needles are 1 to 3 inches long and 1.5 to 2 millimeters wide. They are twisted at the base and are arranged spirally on the twigs. The needle tip is very variable and can be both notched and pointed. At the needle bottom you will find two white Stomatabänder.
The flowering period is from April to May, and the seeds ripen from September to October takes place. The yellow-green male cones are clustered at the affiliate pages. The upright, ovoid - cylindrical to cylindrical cones are 4.5 to 7.5 inches long and 2 to 3.5 inches thick. Immature cones are purple and ripe brown. They are sessile and are mostly in small groups. The inverted - ovate to triangular, black seeds are 4-6 mm long and about 3 millimeters wide. They have a brown or black colored wings of about 6 millimeters long and 5 millimeters wide. The seedlings have four to five cotyledons.
Distribution and location
The natural distribution area of the East Siberian fir covers the northeast of China, southeastern Siberia and the Korean Peninsula. In China they are found in the provinces of Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and Shaanxi. In Siberia, the distribution area of the river Zeya in the west extends to the Sikhote -Alin Mountains in the east.
The East Siberian fir is a tree species of the cool climate. In the north of their range they are found at altitudes of 500 to 700 meters while in the south occurs up to 2100 meters. The bulk of the annual precipitation falls as snow. The populated floors are constructed differently depending on location but still well drained.
Near coastal areas the way forms mixed stands with the Ajan spruce (Picea jezoensis ) and the Korean Pine (Pinus koraiensis ). Inland, the East Siberian fir commonly associated with the Siberian fir ( Abies sibirica ), birch (Betula ), the Dahurischen larch (Larix gmelinii ), the Siberian Spruce ( Picea obovata ), the Siberian stone pine pine ( Pinus sibirica ) and Sorbus amurensis. At higher elevation sites also occur on juniper (Juniperus sabina ) and the dwarf pine ( Pinus pumila ) and related species.
System
The East Siberian fir is assigned Medianae within the genus of fir (Abies ) of section Balsamea and the lower section. The first description as Abies nephrolepis by Karl Johann Maximowicz took place in 1866 in the Bulletin de l' Academie Imperiale des Sciences de Saint- Pétersbourg 10 Synonyms include Abies koreana f prostrata kolesn. , Abies sibirica var nephrolepis Trautv. ex Maxim, Abies veitchii var nephrolepis Masters and Pinus nephrolepis ( Trautv. ex Maxim. ) Voss.
Where the distribution area overlaps with that of the Siberian fir ( Abies sibirica ), it can be used to form the natural hybrids Abies × sibirico - nephrolepis come.
Use
The wood is used as construction and furniture wood use. Furthermore, from wood pulp is obtained.
Threats and conservation
The East Siberian fir is " not threatened " on the Red List of IUCN. It is noted, however, that a re-evaluation of risks is required.