Abraham ibn Daud

Abraham ibn Daud ( * 1110 in Córdoba, † 1180 in Toledo, Hebrew אברהם אבן דאוד, . Arabic إبراهيم بن داود, DMG Ibrāhīm b Dawud ), also known by the acronym Rabad (I.), Hebrew ראב " ד, was a Jewish historian, philosopher and astronomer and the first Jewish Aristotelians before Maimonides.

Life and work

Abraham ibn Daud or Avraham ibn dawd ha -Levi was a Sephardic astronomer, mathematician and philosopher. He was born in Cordoba, Spain around 1110 and was the grandson of Isaac ben Baruch Albalia, where he Albalia Isaac, grew up with his maternal uncle, Baruch ben in Granada. Baruch ben Isaac Albalia taught his nephew in the Halacha, in philosophy and astronomy. Both the New Testament and the Koran were familiar to him. Together with Dominicus Gundissalinus, the leading representative of the School of Translators of Toledo, he translated Arabic works of science and philosophy into Latin. In the years 1160/61 he wrote Sefer ha - Kabbalah (Book of Tradition ), together with the books Divre Malke Jisra'el be - Bajjit Sheni ( Chronicle of Israelite kings ) and Sikhron divre Romi ( Chronicle of Rome ). Over the Almohad conquest of Spain, he fled to the Christian Castile and settled in Toledo, where he lived until his death as a martyr in 1180.

The Chronicle Sefer ha - Kabbalah summarizes the history of Israel and is the continuous and successive series of carriers of the Jewish tradition to the time of the author ( 1146 ). He led the proof that the chain of Jewish tradition was not interrupted. In the book Sikhron divre Romi he came to the conclusion that Constantine had forged the New Testament. In the book Al- aqida al - Rafi'a he tries to achieve full harmonization between faith and knowledge, which is this is a Jewish- philosophical work, which was marked by the influence of Aristotle, which he said about Avicenna, of he is almost totally dependent, has rezipiert.

In his chronicle Sefer ha - Kabbalah, he criticized the Karaites and defended rabbinic Judaism. The Khazars were not followed the Karaites, but the rabbinic Judaism. Ibn Daud also describes the correspondence between the king of the Khazars, King Joseph and Hasdai ibn Shaprut and reported that scholars from the Khazar empire in the 11th century had come to Toledo.

Editions and translations

  • G. D. Cohen ( ed.), Sefer Ha - Qabbala: The Book of Tradition by Abraham Ibn Daud. Philadelphia 1967.
Toledo, Spain DIN 31635 Aristotelianism Halakha Almohad Caliphate History of ancient Israel and Judah Encyclopaedia Judaica Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Jakob Guttmann (rabbi) Integrated Authority File
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