Abu al-Aswad al-Du'ali

Abū l - Aswad ad -Du ʾ alī (Arabic أبو الأسود الدؤلي, Nasab ظالم بن عمرو بن سفيان بن جندل / zalim b ʿ Amr b Sufyan b Ǧandal, .. . Rarely you ILI ʾ; * by 603, † 688 in Basra in age of 85 years ) was an Arab lexicographer, Quran readers and grammarians. Some sources, especially medieval Arab writers described it as the first grammarian of Arabic.

Influences and work

He basically followed the reading of Abu Musa al - Ash ʿ arī, whose student he is sometimes called. Likewise, should ad -Du ʾ alī in Abū ʿ n- Nudschaid Imraan ibn al -Husayn al - ʿ ī chuza have learned Shiites also call ʿ Alī ibn Abī Taalib as ad -Du ʾ Ali's grammar teacher.

Through contacts between Arabs and non-Arabs are more and more grammatical errors, even among Arabs, have occurred in the 7th century. ad -Du ʾ alī saw a reason to write a grammar to specify the proper use of language - this has also affected the Koran. This new science has been ' called, later النحو / on - naḥw /, method, grammar ' at the beginning merely العربية / al - ʿ Arabiyya /, Arabic. Main concerns ad you were doing ʾ Ali's lack of distinctness of some characters ( rasm ) and the absence of signs of vocalization in the Arabic orthography of that time and also the case endings. John A. Haywood recognizes in ad -Du ʾ Ali's work both a religious and a need for the rule. Some authors consider ad -Du ʾ alī the developer of the vowel points.

He was a teacher of Yahya ibn Ya ʿ mar and Nasr ibn Asim al - ʿ Laithi, both ad - You took ʾ Ali's grammar and Punktierungsmethode and further led. Nasr was sometimes even self- ad - You ʾ called alī.

Away from the science

Ad - you should alī ʾ who fought at the Battle of Siffin ʿ Alī ibn Abī at the Talibs side, as his close follower he is. The Arabic proverb الجار قبل الدار / al - ǧāru qabla d -dar /, the neighbor before the house ' should ʾ alī come from ad -Du, who was in dispute with a neighbor and finally sold his house.