Acineta

Acineta chrysantha

The genus Acineta the orchid family (Orchidaceae) comprises 18 species, all in South and Central America happen. The small, perennial plants grow mostly epiphytic.

Description

All species of this genus form of a creeping rhizome at a short distance pseudobulbs. They are somewhat oval in shape and laterally bent to a blurry ridge on each side; they consist of a single internode. Rhizome and pseudobulbs are surrounded by low- leaves at the top of the pseudobulbs sit two to four true leaves. The leaves are Plikat (folded) and relatively thick, with indistinct venation visible on the underside. They are short -stalked and deposited by a separating tissues of the pseudobulbs.

The racemose inflorescence appears laterally from the base of the pseudobulbs and hangs down. The resupinierten flowers are fleshy, large and strikingly colored. The three are shaped sepals, sometimes the two sides at the base of each other and grown to the base of the column. The petals are smaller. The lip is three-lobed, at the base ( Hypochil ) grown narrow and with the column, the middle part with two large lateral lobes, the end terminating in a small, dimly remote middle lobe. On the lip is a fleshy callus. The column is straight, sometimes. At the base with a narrow extension of the lip has grown ( " column - foot" ), sometimes with side wings The stamen is located terminally and is bent down towards the column axis. In a half- sitting two hard pollinia, on a rectangular stalks with a two-part adhesive organ ( Viscidium ) connected. The Viscidium is bent at the end to about 45 ° and the scutellum of bees visiting the flowers, striped. The Viscidium then adhered to the back of the chest.

The species of the subtribe Stanhopeinae generally are pollinated by male orchid bees ( Euglossini ). In Acineta dalessandroi self-pollination occurs, here is the flower buds open no longer.

Dissemination

The species of the genus Acineta occur to Peru from southern Mexico. They grow there as epiphytes in humid forests at altitudes 500-2200 m.

System

Within the subfamily Epidendroideae the genus Acineta is classified in the subtribe Stanhopeinae. Sister taxon (or so closely related that they could be classified into Acineta ) is the monotypic genus Vasqueziella, closely related to the genera are further Lacaena and Lueddemannia.

A further 18 species have been described in this genus, the demarcation is not always safe - for some it could also be just different color variations of the same species.

  • Acineta alticola C.Schweinf. (1951 ) in Venezuela.
  • Acineta antioquiae Schltr. (1917 ) Colombia.
  • Acineta barkeri ( Bateman ) Lindl. (1843 ) Mexico to Guatemala.
  • Acineta beyrodtiana Schltr. (1917 ) Colombia.
  • Acineta chrysantha ( C.Morren ) Lindl. ( 1850) Southeast Mexico to Panama.
  • Acineta confusa Schltr. (1917 ) Central America.
  • Acineta cryptodonta Rchb.f. (1854 ) Central America.
  • Acineta dalessandroi Dodson (1984 ) Southern Ecuador.
  • Acineta densa Lindl. (1851 ) Central America.
  • Acineta erythroxantha Rchb.f. (1854 ) Colombia to northwestern Venezuela
  • Acineta hagsateri Salazar & Soto Arenas ( 2003) Mexico.
  • Acineta hennisiana Schltr. (1917 ) Colombia.
  • Acineta hrubyana Rchb.f. (1882 ) Colombia.
  • Acineta mireyae G.Gerlach & MHWeber (2003) Panama.
  • Acineta salazarii Soto Arenas ( 2003) Mexico to El Salvador.
  • Acineta sella turcica - Rchb.f ( 1852), Central America ..
  • Acineta sulcata Rchb.f. (1879 ) probably Colombia.
  • Acineta superba ( Kunth ) Rchb.f. in WGWalpers (1863 ) Panama to Suriname and Ecuador.

Culture

Due to the large, colorful flowers, the plants are occasionally found in culture. Because the flowers grow down, they must be planted in well drained baskets. In their native species have become rare due to commercial collections.

Documents

  • C. H. Dodson, C. A. Luer (2005): Orchidaceae part 2 (Aa - Cyrtidiorchis ). In: G. Harling, L. Andersson ( eds.): Flora of Ecuador. Vol 76, pp. 14ff. Botanical Institute, Göteborg University, ISBN 91-88896 -51- X
  • Robert L. Dressler (1993 ): Phylogeny and Classification of the Orchid Family. Pp. 175f. Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-45058-6
  • Jürgen Röth (1983 ): orchids. Pp. 114f. VEB German Agriculture Verlag Berlin.
John Lindley Resupination Labellum (botany) Pollinium Scutellum (insect anatomy)
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