Acrylonitrile

  • Prop-2- enenitrile (IUPAC)
  • 2- propenenitrile
  • Acrylonitrile
  • ACN
  • Vinyl cyanide
  • Ventox

Colorless liquid with a pungent odor

Liquid

0.8 g · cm -3 ( 20 ° C)

-82 ° C

77 ° C.

117 hPa ( 20 ° C)

Moderately in water: 73 g · l-1 (20 ° C)

1.3911 (20 ° C)

Risk

Not assigned because carcinogenic

78 mg · kg -1 ( LD50, rat, oral)

147.1 kJ / mol

Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available

Acrylonitrile (IUPAC: prop-2- enenitrile ) is the nitrile of acrylic acid. It is the simplest unsaturated nitrile.

Technical production

Acrylonitrile is produced in the Sohio process, a controlled catalytic reaction of propylene with ammonia and pure oxygen. The reaction is also referred to as the ammoxidation of propylene. In this case, the elimination of water produced acrylonitrile with acetonitrile and hydrocyanic acid as by-products. The catalyst is a mixture of iron, bismuth and molybdenum.

Use

Acrylonitrile is used as starting material for the production of acrylic acid, acrylic esters, and acrylamide. It is also a component for adhesives, antioxidants, emulsifiers and solvents. The most important use of acrylonitrile, the polymerization polyacrylonitrile and other copolymers (acrylonitrile-butadiene -styrene (ABS ), styrene- acrylonitrile (SAN) and acrylonitrile -styrene acrylic ester (ASA) ). In organic syntheses, it is used for cyanoethylation.

CAS registry number Vapor pressure Dangerous Substances Directive (67/548/EEC) Chemical reaction Styrene-acrylonitrile resin CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics Integrated Authority File
27937
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