Acylation

Under acylation is defined as the introduction of an acyl group in an existing chemical compound. As acylating agent carboxylic acids can be used, but frequently the more reactive carboxylic acid halides are used, the reaction upon activation with an electron-rich molecule.

A significant acylation of aromatic systems, the Friedel-Crafts acylation. To form the acyl group, it uses aluminum halides as Lewis acids.

There are also intramolecular acylation known, to which the Fries rearrangement counts. Here, the acyl group is cleaved by a Lewis acid from a phenyl, and then deposits it back in to the ring.

More broadly, can be regarded as a special case of the acylation, the introduction of an aldehyde ( formylation ). The formylation include the hydroformylation, the Vilsmeier formylation and gate Men Cook and Reimer - Tiemann reaction.

However acylations are not limited to the formation of carbon -carbon bonds. The formation of amides from amines and esters from alcohols can, especially in the biochemical context, referred to as acylation. In biological systems, acylation can be carried out enzymatically by transacylases, a subset of the transferases. Significantly in this context are also transpeptidases for the construction of peptides.