Adhesive tape

Tape is a collective term for coated on one or both sides with pressure sensitive adhesives, strip-shaped support materials, such as plastic films or foams, paper, metal foils or fabric. In industrial manufacturing, also known as adhesive transfer tapes are used: carrier-free, thin adhesive films that are covered prior to processing on both sides with waxed or siliconized release paper.

Tapes can also be processed into self-adhesive labels in strip form by printing and cutting.

• 5.1 Band-Aid
• 5.2 Duct Tape / Duck Tape
• 5.3 Gaffer Tape
• 5.4 duct tape

• 6.1 Masking tape
• 6.2 cleaning tape
• 6.3 Sealing tape for vapor retarders
• 6.4 aluminum tape
• 6.5 Polyisobutylenband

• 7.1 Magnetic Tape
• 7.2 polyimide tape

Invention

1901 Oscar Troplowitz developed for the company Beiersdorf AG the adhesive dressing, for which he coined the term sticking plaster. 1923 learned Richard G. Drew, an engineer at 3M, of the problem of finished parts in two-tone car paint cover. For two years he experimented with, among other vegetable oils, resins and rubber. In 1925 he presented his first result. However, the coated only on the edges with adhesive backing material made ​​of crepe paper stuck insufficient. Drew improved its tape by completely coated the substrate. Five years later, he invented the first transparent adhesive tape. Thought it was for the closure of cellophane packaging.

Today, more than 900 different tapes are on the market.

Characteristics

The force that is necessary to pull an adhesive strip is adhesive strength. It is often measured on a 25 mm wide tape and carries the unit N/25 mm. The tensile strength indicates that stress can wear a belt. The tensile force is independent of the bond strength. Units are N / mm or N/25 mm. The elongation at break indicates by how many percent of a tape is extended under load before it breaks.

Double-sided tape / double-sided tape

Double adhesive tapes are effective on both sides. They are used in all industries. They are often used for laying carpets. With particularly strong adhesive varieties also heavy items such as mirrors are attached to the wall. In the paper processing, they are used for splicing large rolls or in further processing when creating displays, mailings and brochure folders. In construction, double-sided tapes are used for adhesive bonding of the vapor barrier films in the roof. Double sided tapes ( acting on both sides, carrier-free adhesive tapes ) are used for assembly purposes in industry. In the automotive sector are bonded with them moldings and trim, mirrors and emblems. Also in seat heaters and electronic components, they are used.

Basically, you have to distinguish double-sided adhesive tapes between different species. Thus, besides adhesive transfer tapes, for example, double-sided tapes having a non- adhesive backing material in the core, or tapes without any non-adhesive acrylate foam substrate.

Acrylate foam tape

Double-sided acrylate foam (or Acrylic Foam) tapes are tapes with viscoelastic and its excellent adhesion to a variety of substrates. Compared to traditional foam adhesive tapes of different product structure is immediately apparent:

While a thin adhesive film on the top and bottom is only present in the foam adhesive tapes, made ​​the acrylate foam tapes through and through from adhesive. The basis for this is represented by the self-adhesive acrylate foam core, which is provided depending on the requirements with an additional adhesive film. This particular structure of the acrylate foam adhesive tape makes it possible that the tape flows into the surface to be bonded is received and a physical interaction with the substrate. In this case, it does not harden, but remains flexible, and is based 100% on wetting. The sandwich construction in any combination. It enables acrylate foam adhesive tapes, continue to absorb energy and to compensate for stress. You can see the double-sided adhesive tapes up to 50 % of their thickness stretch without cracking or peel off.

Film tape and packing tape

Most are aware of these tapes from the home and office. They are used to seal parcels (parcel tape ) to stick paper or perform minor repairs. Here the usual tapes consist of a plastic foil which is coated with adhesive on one side only. Film materials PVC ( polyvinyl chloride ) and PP are used ( polypropylene).

Considered environmental terms, only PVC tapes are problematic, as the disposal of the carrier film is critical. For less critical PP tapes an acrylate dispersion is used as an adhesive often. Another environmentally friendly technology is the use of hot melt adhesives. These tapes are indeed produce significantly cheaper, but as a rule thin carriers are used and the thickness of the adhesive layer is lower, often leaves the bonding reliability to be desired. Bands with hot-melt adhesive also have the very negative trait to develop a loud and disturbing noise sequence.

As a third alternative, natural rubber-based adhesive is used. He is regarded as relatively neutral to the environment, is hardly vapors, and in conjunction with a PP- carrier disposal is unproblematic. PP tapes with natural rubber adhesive are among the most demanding adhesive materials.

Fabric tape

Especially claimable tapes are reinforced with fabric or fabric, tear resistant plastic. The gain is generally anisotropic with the main action in the longitudinal direction. Often the bands can therefore be demolished in the transverse direction by hand, which allows easy processing.

Adhesive plaster

An adhesive patch is an adhesive textile tape in widths from 1.25 to 5 cm on rollers for fixing dressings or for attachment of various products on the skin. Be fixed so that usually gauze, bandages or dressings to cover in combination with these the wound. In many cases, catheters are fixed so to avoid slipping or accidental incorrect position.

To prepare the emerged from the medicinal plaster sticking plaster a mass of grease, oil, wax and turpentine was painted on a backing of canvas or Kreton originally. For the pure medical adhesive tape of the term monopoly Leukoplast is widespread. Depending on the desired properties (eg, elasticity, tensile strength and skin friendliness ), other medical adhesive tapes are used.

The combined with a wound dressing plaster called Wundschnellverband. Patch for the expansion of the nostrils are called nasal strips.

The self- adhesive plaster is a German invention: On November 8, 1882 Beiersdorf was granted the patent. The development was made ​​by Oskar Troplowitz to series production.

Duct Tape / Duck Tape

German: Universal tape, duct tape, industrial tape

Duck Tape is the historically grown - American colloquial term for silver gray, self-adhesive and waterproof fabric band.

Typical values ​​are:

• Adhesive strength: 13 N/25 mm
• Tensile strength: 100 N / cm
• Elongation at break: 18%
• Temperature resistance: max. 60 ° C.

Originally, the fabric adhesive tape of Johnson & Johnson has been designed for the U.S. military to keep moisture out of ammunition boxes.

The term goes back to duck the word except duck a durable fabric referred to (mostly cotton ). It is related to the Dutch word doek (cloth) and the German word cloth.

The soldiers realized quite soon that this tape suitable not only for sealing ammunition boxes, but also for repairing guns, jeeps, aircraft, etc.. After the war, a construction boom and still Olive Duck Tape followed was popular among caretakers and house owners, even to leaking pipe mill (English ductwork ) to repair. The producers made accordingly very soon a silver version of Duck tape out, so that it " treated " galvanized pipes stood out less.

Due to the acoustically similar words duck and duct (pipe ) to popular etymology coined the term Duct Tape.

One other interpretation volksetymologischen according to which the name refers to the water tightness, duck tape is as watertight as a duck's feathers.

Duck Tape is widely used in the United States and generally in stage technology. Also in motorsport Duck Tape for temporary and rapid repair of panels, open doors / hoods or aerodynamic parts eg after " enemy contact " in the current racing is popular. The tape is conformable and along Tear resistant fabric reinforcement. It is easy to tear across without tools, but the adhesive residue are so insistent that a complete removal is almost impossible.

Duck Tape is now a brand name, its associated rights was sold in mid-2009 Henkel at Shurtape Technologies LLC.

Gaffer Tape

Gaffer tape, gaffer 's tape or Gaffa tape ( in German-speaking countries Gafferband ), of Engl. gaffer = Light Master, gaffer, foremen and tape = tape. Gaffer Tape is a stable, strong adhesive, but tearable by hand tape from fiber-reinforced plastic, which is removable without residue, generally after not too long bonding time. Usually, it has a width of 2 inches, which corresponds to 5.08 cm.

Typical values ​​are:

• Adhesive strength: 9 N/25 mm
• Tensile strength: 50 N / cm
• Elongation at break: 11%
• Temperature resistance: max. 60 ° C.

Gaffer Tape is manufactured by different companies in different quality. The easy handling and tool-less separability, it has proven particularly at stagehands for fast attachment of cables and similar work.

Mainly there are Gaffer Tape in the colors silver, white and black. The black version harmonizes most with the normally black stage floor.

The tape is sometimes also referred to as " Gaffer tape". The manufacturer Advance Tapes has can protect the trade names Advance Gaffa, but not the word or Gaffa Gaffa tape. The name Gaffer Tape was until 2007 a ​​registered word mark of the German stage specialists Zilz. Also plotted is Pattex Gaffer Tape from Henkel.

In Austria it is known as stagehands usually under the name " lasso".

Duct tape

Duct tape or duct tape is a special cloth tape, which is used in the armed forces, but also in other areas. The term comes from the language of the Bundeswehr soldiers. The word tank pushes stability and resistance (heat- resistant, water repellent, etc.). Armor tape consists of a fabric structure resistant to extremely adherent adhesive on different stone substrates having excellent adhesive properties in contrast to normal adhesive tape. Another explanation of the name origin: Turning a corresponding length together, you can tow with this " rope" a small tank. This is because that the band indeed simply rolled by hand torn off, but zusammengezwirbelten condition is very tear resistant.

The duct tape normally used in the army is 75 mm wide and has the specification TL 7510-011 Type B. There are also minor variations in different colors.

Typical characteristics:

• Elongation at break: 11.5 %
• Adhesive strength: 6 N / cm
• Tensile strength: 80 N / cm

Tapes in the building trade

Masking tape

The painter's tape ( in Switzerland and Austria called " masking " ) is used to protect against accidental contact with the color masking of window and door frames or other objects. It is composed of cellulose and adhesive, and is available in widths from 12 to 75 mm. The roll length is generally 50 meters. There is also a wide range of tools at work.

Masking tape can be clean and without residue removed again after use from most surfaces ( painted walls, tiles, light switches, sockets, door and window frames). However, there is a risk that parts of the taped surface (paint, varnish, wood splitter) when pulling off the tape are torn away with. Therefore, the masking tape should be peeled off as long as the color is not yet dried.

Cleaning tape

Plasterer and plasterers use to mask a 50 mm wide plastic tape. It takes as opposed to masking tape does not absorb moisture and can be removed easily again even after binding of the plaster. The rollers have a length of 33 meters.

Sealing tape for vapor retarders

For the vapor barrier ( diffusion-tight foil) in the interior insulation of buildings certified, highly adhesive fabric tape for airtight sealing of the slide transitions and edge connections will be used.

Aluminum tape

Aluminum adhesive tape consists of a thin aluminum foil which is coated on one side with a most heat resistant adhesive. It is widely used in heating and ventilation used occasionally in electrical engineering to shield electric fields. In addition, it is used for sealing of hollow polycarbonate sheet as greenhouse glazing.

Polyisobutylenband

Polyisobutylenband is permanently plastic. It does not stick to other materials. If it comes into contact with itself, it welded comparable within a short time into a coherent film, approximately with the property of plasticine. The mechanical strength does not change and corresponds to that of rubber. It is used for example as insulating material. Overlapping wraps around electrical lines offer good protection against moisture. The dielectric strength is 10 kV • mm -1, the electrical resistivity of more than 1010 Ω • m.

Other typical characteristics:

• Adhesive strength: - ( no adhesion with other materials )
• Tensile strength: 8 N / cm
• Elongation at break: 400%
• Temperature resistance: -40 to 100 ° C

More tapes

Magnetic tape

Magnetic tape consists of an extruded tape, which was equipped with a self-adhesive double-sided tape. By removing the protective paper or protective film from the adhesive is disclosed and the tape can be glued.

Magnetic tapes are streifenmagnetisiert multipolar. In general, they are magnetized three or five-pole. From each band there are two variants, which are oppositely poled (SNS - NSN; SNSNS - NSNSN ). Thus both bands can match exactly and edges as well.

As a special variation of the magnetic tape, there is also the front side magnetized bands. This pull is not on the broad flat side, but in the region of the edges. This individual elements of large graphical areas can match wrinkle-free and without air gap.

Polyimide tape

Of polyimide tapes are used in electrical and electronic engineering because of the electrically insulating and heat-conducting properties.

Use

Adhesive tapes can be used loosely to roles 1-990 m and then cut to the required length, depending on the type of tape or demolished. Relief also dispenser of various kinds are used. They are also used in industrial processing, eg as a sealant.

In assessing the performance of double-sided adhesive tapes adhesive type, production method, substrate and cover play a major role. But equally important are the substrates to be bonded.

Most tapes bond very poorly at temperatures below 5 ° C. In very cold weather, the rolls should be stored until shortly before use at room temperature.

Other forms

See Category: Tape

Similar materials

• Stretch film