Adiabene

Adiabene designated a territory in Asia Minor. First, allow the area between Upper and Lower Zab was designated ( = Great and Little Zab ), later ( called Hadjab ) also mainly in the north directly adjacent regions. Because it's later political comprised the largest part of Assyria, the name was then used for all of Assyria. Important city was Arbela.

History

In the first century AD Adiabene was several, depending on the Parthians, a local dynasty kings ruled, the well-known to Judaism. Here they have been repeatedly implicated in innerparthische throne disputes and Parthian -Roman conflict. Especially during the reign of King Izates II (ca. 36-59/60 ) was the influence in the Parthian empire considerably. Eben Izates that it was he who with his mother, Helena, for political reasons ( Proselytenwerbung ) the transfer took place to Judaism. The royal family supported the Palestinian Jews financially and sent during the Roman war even troops. Monobazos and Helena are often found in the Mishnah therefore mention and are praised for their piety.

When the Romans had conquered under Trajan 116 Mesopotamia, Adiabene became a Roman province under the name of Assyria. However, the Mesopotamian colonies were abandoned under Trajan's successor Hadrian. Only Septimius Severus conquered 195 again shortly Adiabene and then took on the nickname Adiabenus. Under Caracalla, the Romans marched 216 again in a Adiabene.

Later, the ruler of Adiabene and the ruler of Kirkuk allied, according to the Chronicle of Arbela with the Sassanid Ardashir I. against the Parthian ruler Artabanus IV During the reign of the Sassanids there were many Christian- Nestorian communities in Adiabene.

Ruler of Adiabene

  • Artaxares, v. 30 BC
  • Izdates? -Ca. 30 AD
  • Monobazos I. Bazaios, 30 -ca. 36
  • Helene, co-ruler
  • Izates II, ca 36-59/60
  • Vologaeses I., ca.50
  • Monobazos II, 59/60-Mitte 70
  • Mebarsapes, about 114
  • The Roman Empire 116/7.
  • Rakbakt (? -191 ) ( A Parthian satrap alanischer descent)
  • Narses ( Adiabene ) approx 191-200
  • Shahrat ( Shahrad ) approx 213-224
  • The Sassanid Empire 226-649.
  • Ardashir II ( 344-376 )

Bishops of Adiabene

  • Pkidha ( 104-114 )
  • Semsoun ( 120-123 )
  • Isaac ( 135-148 )
  • Abraham ( 148-163 )
  • Noh ( 163-179 )
  • Habel ( 183-190 )
  • Abedhmiha ( 190-225 )
  • Hiran ( 225-258 )
  • Saloupha ( 258-273 )
  • Ahadabuhi ( 273-291 )
  • Sri'a ( 291-317 )
  • Iohannon ( 317-346 )
  • Abraham ( 346-347 )
  • Maran zkha ( 347-376 )
  • Soubhaliso ( 376-407 )
  • Daniel ( 407-431 )
  • Rhima ( 431-450 )
  • Abbousta ( 450-499 )
  • Joseph ( 499-511 )
  • Huana ( 511 -? )
401 BC Erbil Artabanus V of Parthia Vologases I of Parthia Alans Jacob Neusner
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