Agricultural machinery

Agricultural technology (also agricultural engineering or agricultural technique) refers to both the employed in agriculture, agricultural engineering equipment, agricultural machinery, as well as the industry that deals with the production, sales and service of this equipment. Within the Agribusiness includes manufacture and repair of agricultural machinery to the main input areas for agriculture. Among the devices of agricultural technology include agricultural machinery, the equipment of the body known as Hofinnenwirtschaft ( milking, feeding equipment, etc.).

Country technician

Germany

Country technicians, agricultural technicians rsp. Agro technicians work on farms ( in horticulture and viticulture enterprises on goods as well as in agricultural experiment and research institutions). They take care of the soil, animal breeding, seed and machinery. They are also responsible for the planning of work processes, but they do also even physical activities. The training for technicians country is carried out by a two-year training at a technical school. This requires a completed vocational training. The majority of agricultural technicians shall be remunerated according to BAT Vb. The base salary BAT Vb at the federal and state (West; gross average salary in euros ) is € 1424 at the age of 21 years, added living allowances and a general allowance. The basic wage compensation can ever be commensurate with experience between 1964-2144 €.

Switzerland

In Switzerland, is called the degree dipl. Agro Engineers HF.

In Switzerland, there are the following training providers (as of 2012):

• Strickhof, Lindau
• Inforama Rütti, Zollikofen
• Grangeneuve, Canton of Fribourg

The schools are of higher vocational schools for agriculture and forestry.

At the Inforama - school education lasts 2-3 years part-time with at least 50% occupation. On Strickhof training takes 2 years full-time.

History

Formerly Agrotechnik a field of study of the technician. Consequently, the Strickhof was a technical school. With institutions of higher technical schools in 2005 Strickhof became the first higher technical school for agriculture and forestry.

Agricultural machinery

Agricultural machines are specialized machines that are mainly used in agriculture. They are usually characterized by their mobility. This means that they are either self-propelled or drawn by a tractor.

Meanwhile, modern technology and information processing has also been introduced in agricultural machinery. How have modern tractors, fertilizer, seed and harvest machinery for the purpose of targeted application of quantities already on satellite-guided navigation and mapping systems ( precision farming ) and a high degree of automation. In the course of structural change to the farming area per holding to be larger and the machines used in accordance powerful.

For small and medium-sized farms, the related investments often are not worth more. Therefore, close often in machinery rings together or hire contractors for specific tasks.

Selected farm equipment types:

• Agricultural tractor, commonly known as tractor, tractor and tractor
• Combine harvester
• Plow
• Harrow
• Drill ( sowing machine )
• Planter
• Fertilizer spreader

Independent tests on agricultural machinery leads among others, the German Agricultural Society ( DLG) by regularly, which maintains its own testing center for this purpose.

The most important international exhibition of agricultural technology is the Agritechnica fair, which is organized by the DLG every two years in the Hannover Messe.

Agricultural machinery industry

The Agricultural Machinery Association within the German Machinery and Plant Manufacturing Association estimates the global production volume of agricultural machinery and tractors to 80 billion euros ( 2011). 33 percent of which is allocated to production in the European Union, followed by the USA. In recent years, much was expanding production in China, which has doubled in the last five years approximately. Dominating the agricultural machinery industry by the four major agricultural technology companies John Deere (USA), Case New Holland (Italy ), AGCO (USA) and Claas ( Germany ). They represent about 40 percent of the world market. There are also other large companies, but also many small and medium-sized niche supplier of specialist machinery with an equally technologically highly demanding product.

In Western Europe, about 135,000 people are employed in the 4,500 companies in the agricultural machinery industry, in Germany around 29,000. Germany is in the EU 's biggest location of agricultural machinery production with emphasis tractors and harvesting equipment, followed by Italy, the home next to a big tractor production especially numerous manufacturers of equipment for farming.

In terms of market volume, so the sales in each country, France and Germany are the largest markets in the European Union. Since the end of the Cold War, the markets in Central and Eastern Europe are strong again brought to the fore and provide their agriculture increasingly with modern technology. Nevertheless, there is still great potential, for example, the yield per hectare increase in grain and thus to exploit the fertility of the soils for feeding the world.

In the EU, 2011, approximately 191,000 tractors were registered, of which approximately 38,000 in France, in Germany and almost 36,000 in Italy about 23,000. The long-term trend is analogous to the agricultural structural change to tractors with a more powerful engine performance. The product segment of the tractors represented about a third of the market volume in Europe. The second largest segment of the industry, the harvesting technique dar. This includes in particular combines and other self-propelled machines such as forage harvesters. The latter are mainly used for the harvest of maize.

The European economy of the agricultural machinery industry rebounded after a sharp decline in 2009 since the fall of 2010 again quickly. By mid- 2012, the boom of the industry continues, but resulted in a marked difference between the comparatively prosperous markets in Central and Northern Europe, while the southern European agriculture (Spain, Italy) very little invested in technology (Source: VDMA, 2012).

Agricultural machinery crafts and agricultural machinery trade

Trade and commerce in the hand of craftsmanship of retail and service establishments. The German market is divided in roughly equal proportions in embossed cooperative and private enterprises. The largest traders are the relevant parts of the main cooperatives ( BayWa, Agravis Raiffeisen etc. ), with its many subsidiary operations. There are also independent local agricultural cooperatives with private agricultural engineering business. Apart from a few large private companies with several branches otherwise characterize small businesses with only one location, the image of private agricultural machinery trade. In Germany, the corresponding operations around 5,500 currently enrolled in the trades. The professional field is called agricultural mechanic craft. In addition to typical agricultural machinery, the activity also includes repair and service of construction equipment, garden equipment, garden equipment and equipment for environmental protection. In the industry, around 45,000 people are employed. About 6,000 trainees learn the trade of agricultural machinery mechanic. About 200 Master be approved annually. The cooperative holdings are organized in the German Raiffeisen Association and private establishments in the main working group within the agricultural machinery trade and craft. (Data: H. A. G. )