Albert Ladenburg
Albert Ladenburg ( born July 2, 1842 in Mannheim; † August 15, 1911 in Wroclaw, Lower Silesia ) was a German chemist.
Family
Ladenburg was born into a prominent Jewish family in Mannheim and was the son of the lawyer and economist Leopold Ladenburg (1809-1889) and the Dolphins Picard (1814-1882) of Strasbourg in Alsace. She was - like Albert Ladenburg itself - grandchild of the bank 's founder Wolf Ladenburg. Delphine Picard was by this generation shift not only Albert Ladenburg's mother, but also his cousin.
He married on September 19, 1875 Margaret Pringsheim ( born January 14, 1855 † 1909), daughter of the botanist and plant physiologist Nathanael Pringsheim ( 1823-1894 ) in Berlin and Jena.
His son was the physicist Rudolf Ladenburg.
Albert Ladenburg was a very good pianist, was a friend of Johannes Brahms and Clara Schumann played with four hands. The home Pringsheim and the Chemical Institute in Wroclaw were the epitome of modern middle-class around the turn of the century.
Life
Ladenburg studied 1858-1860 mathematics and modern languages at the Polytechnic School in Karlsruhe, then to 1861, Chemistry and Physics in Heidelberg and finally 1862 Physics in Berlin. He received his doctorate in 1863, Dr. phil. in Heidelberg.
In Ghent Ladenburg held in the spring of 1865 to six months in Kekulé, who made him familiar with the structural chemistry. He then worked for 18 months in Paris, along with Charles Friedel on organosilicon compounds and then on alone on organotin compounds.
In 1867 he returned to Heidelberg, where he was habilitated by its previously submitted work in the following year. Bunsen, who was his teacher during his student days in Heidelberg, granted him this without special habilitation thesis. Ladenburg was born on January 8, 1868 a lecturer and on 30 March 1872 he was appointed associate professor in Heidelberg.
On October 25, 1872, he was appointed to the University of Kiel as full professor of chemistry and director of the new Chemical Laboratory. Today, the " Ladenburg Hall " there is named after him. On October 1, 1889 Ladenburg went to the University of Breslau, where he had to resign from his teaching post because of illness on 1 October 1909. 1900 founded Ladenburg the Chemical Society Breslau, which he headed until 1910.
Scientific work
Ladenburg been involved together with Kekulé in the discussion to clarify the structural formula of benzene. His idea of a prismatic molecule were indeed wrong, but his proposed structure of the " Ladenburg benzene " was synthesized in 1973 as prismane:
Ladenburg established in 1879 the Constitution of atropine and synthesized racemic coniine in 1886, which represented the first total synthesis of an alkaloid and therefore entered under the name of Ladenburg synthesis in the story. In addition, he managed the synthesis of piperidine (1884 ) and piperazine ( 1888).
Honors and Memberships
- Appointment as foreign member of the Chemical Society of London
- Appointment as an honorary member of the Chemical Society of London
- 1884: Honorary Doctor of Medicine at the University of Bern
- 1905: Awarded the Davy Medal for his research in the field of organic chemistry, in particular the synthesis of natural alkaloids
- 1907 election as Vice- President of the German Chemical Society
- 1909: Appointed member of the Académie des sciences in Paris
- 1909: Appointed member of the Akadamie of Sciences in Berlin
Bibliography
- Albert Ladenburg: memoirs, Wroclaw 1912.
- Margaret and Albert Ladenburg ( translation and eds.), Berthelot and L. Pean de Saint -Gilles: studies on the affinities. About formation and decomposition of the ether, Verlag W. Engelmann, Leipzig 1910.
- Albert Ladenburg (ed. ), August Kekulé: On the Constitution and Metamorphoses of the chemical compounds and the chemical nature of the carbon. Studies on aromatic compounds, Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, Leipzig, 1904.
- Margaret and Albert Ladenburg ( translation and eds.), Louis Pasteur: About the asymmetry in naturally occurring organic Verbindingen, Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, Leipzig, 1907.
- Margaret and Albert Ladenburg ( translation with notes and eds.), Karl Adolph Wurtz: Treatise on the glycols or diatomic alcohols and the ethylene oxide as a link between the organic and mineral chemistry, Verlag W. Engelmann, Leipzig 1909.
Works
- Lectures on the history of chemistry in the last hundred years. Braunschweig:. Vieweg, 1869 Digitized edition of the University and State Library Dusseldorf
- Albert Ladenburg: Handbook of chemistry. Wroclaw: Verlag von Eduard Trewendt, 1896