Alexander Mikulin

Alexander Alexandrovich Mikulin (Russian Александр Александрович Микулин, scientific transliteration Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Mikulin; * 2 Februarjul / February 14 1895greg in Vladimir, .. † 13 May 1985 in Moscow) was a Soviet engine designer.

Life

Alexander Mikulin grew up in the home of his uncle Nikolai Jegorowitsch Zhukovsky ( 1847-1921 ). This aerodynamics is considered one of the fathers of Russian aviation. After his high-school time Mikulin began in 1912 to study at the Polytechnic Institute in Kiev, where he met with the later helicopter designer Igor Sikorski and built a one-cylinder engine with him. After an internship as a fitter and shaper in RBWS factories in Riga in 1914, he joined the Imperial Institute of Technology in Moscow. While studying the first Russian aircraft engine AMBS -1 with 300 hp at 1800 rpm there was designed in 1916 in collaboration with Boris Stechkin. 1922 closed Mikulin his studies.

1923 Mikulin began his work in the NAMI ( Research Institute for car engines ), headed by Stechkin. In 1926 he became chief engineer of NAMI.

First developed Mikulin, who had learned in his childhood, English and German, 1925-1928 based on Hugo Junkers ' designs the AM -13, a V- 12 engine of 880 hp at 2150/min. With this experience Mikulin began in 1930, founded the same year, the Central Institute of Aircraft Engines ( ZIAM ) the design and development of the first Russian aircraft engine with water cooling, Mikulin AM -34, which carried up to 920 kW with compressor. The engine went into production in 1931 and was known for the long-haul Tupolev ANT -25. 1936 opened his own attempt Mikulin design office, where in 1937 the first Soviet motor for high altitudes, the AM -35, constructed. He came preferably in the high-altitude fighter MiG- 3 and in the long-range bomber Pe-8 used. Best-known construction and one of the most produced aircraft engines at all of the AM was 38F with about 1300 kW, which was especially built into the Ilyushin Il -2. Mikulin also developed the first Soviet Verstelluftschraube and later the first turbine compressor.

In 1943, the collective NTK " Soyuz " Mikulin was launched in Moscow as a " device number 300 " by the Ministry of Aviation Industry in life. Already at that time, Mikulin employed in addition to the development of piston engines with jet engines.

In the same year, on 27 September Mikulin was also a member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences. 1940, the Order of Hero of Socialist Labor, he was awarded, in 1944, he was appointed Major General Engineer. In the years 1941-1943 and 1946 he was awarded the State Prize.

After the Second World War, devoted Mikulin the production of gas turbines for aviation, where he also collaborated with the Soviet Union brought into the German Junkers designer Brunolf Baade. Developed in the 1950s Mikulin and Tumanski which at the time the strongest jet turbine engine in the world, Mikulin AM 3M 9500 pounds of thrust, which for the first passenger jet of the Soviet Union, the Tupolev Tu- 104 went into production in 1952.

Aircraft engines

• M -17 for Tupolev TB-3
• AM- 34 Tupolev ANT -25 for
• AM- 35
• AM- 38 Ilyushin Il -2
• AM- 39
• AM- 42

Jet engines

• Mikulin AMBS -3
• Mikulin AM-3 turbojet for Tupolev Tu -104