Allophone (Quebec)
Allophone is in the Canadian province of Québec ( to a lesser extent in other provinces ) used sociolinguistic term. He refers to a population, usually an immigrant, whose mother language is neither French nor English. The term is often in the context of " anglophone " ( in English) and " francophone " ( French-speaking). However, are not referred to as allophones of the native speakers of indigenous American languages.
Conceptual history
The word " allophone " (from the Greek allo " unlike " fone " voice" within the meaning of "different sounding " ) learned during the Quiet Revolution of the 1960s, a wide distribution, as the French-Canadian company sought to integrate the immigrants that traditionally Anglophone Quebec society joined. In light of rapidly declining birth rates, the integration of immigrants seemed to be crucial for the survival of the French-speaking Quebec. Demographers have introduced the category of allophones in order to capture the integration of immigrants into the French- or English-speaking society. " Allophone " is originally a typical Quebecismus, but increasingly also in Belgium ( especially in Brussels ) and other multilingual Francophone countries used.
Demography
Allophones make up a growing proportion of the population of Quebec and are the main source of population growth in the province. This reflects the increasing immigration, a declining birth rate of long-established French and English speaking population, as well as a shift in migration flows to Asian and American countries. In 1971, the population proportion of allophones in Quebec City was 6.6%, to 2001, the proportion rose to 10.0%. Between 1991 and 1996 the number of Allophnen exceeded those of English speakers. The number of Quebeckers who are beginning to speak French at home, is increasing: in 2001 reported 20.4% of Quebeckers that they most often spoke French at home, compared to 16.6 % in 1996 and 15.4 % in year 1991. the majority of Quebeckers living in the metropolitan area of Montreal.