Alpha-amylase

  • CAS Number: 9000-90-2

Salivary amylase (also α -amylase 1, ptyalin ) hot three enzyme isoforms that are produced by humans in the saliva. It is the one enzyme in all living things, which is able to split into its component parts storage carbohydrates such as starch and glycogen on the separation of 1,4- α -D - glycosidic linkages. In many vertebrates, including humans begins with the production of the enzyme in the saliva of the carbohydrate digestion.

Two other isoforms are produced by the pancreas, these hot pancreatic amylase.

The authorities responsible for the coding of the isoforms genes have the names AMY1A, AMY1B and AMY1C. They differ only slightly from each other. According to recent studies, the isoforms have formed by copy, and only recently. It is the first example of genetic adaptation to changing lifestyles and eating habits in humans.

Catalyzed reaction

( large n ) H2O ⇒ ⇒ ( n is small ) ( N is small ) ...

Poly-D- glucose is broken up only maltose and maltotriose is still available. The enzyme is also able to deal with 1- 6- branched sugar chains ( amylopectin); the additional end products are limit - dextrins.

Interactions

Ptyalin formed in the mouth is used for decomposition of starch. This decomposition process can be caused by certain foods, such as fruits that contain fruit acids, is strongly discouraged. As a result of this inadequate decomposition of starch by inactivation of the ptyalin it can Gärvorgängen the starch in the gastrointestinal tract and resulting symptoms such as flatulence (wind ) can occur.

CAS registry number Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System Protein isoform Digital Object Identifier PubMed Central
741303
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