Ambulance bus
The large -capacity emergency ambulance ( GRTW ) or large-capacity ambulances ( GKTW ) (also large ambulance or Rettungsbus ), is a vehicle of the emergency service on a bus chassis.
Sometimes it involves custom, partly by conversions of line or coaches. In the way of development, there are many different variations. This wheelchair spaces, seating, seats and stretchers hospital bed spaces are used. Depending on the equipment then also follows the scope of duties of the GRTW. There are also GRTW variable features, that is, it can be rebuilt depending on the task.
According to the proposal of the EU for the coating of special vehicles GRTW should be painted as a vehicle of the emergency service sulfur yellow (RAL 1016).
Due to the special task field and the high cost GRTW are usually stationed only in large cities and used nationally if required.
Areas of application
Placement of persons
Because of the many seats of GRTW comes as accommodation, eg when evictions are used. The advantages over a tent here are that simultaneously included in an accommodation of more people, furnished and can be registered, not obtained and dismantling time and the bus moved and can be easily heated.
Mass casualties
In a mass casualty incident a GRTW is often used because this place offers many injured. In contrast to the tents GRTW the weather is independent, mobile and easily heated. Furthermore, it is suitable for transporting a variety of easily injured patients.
Intensive transport
The GRTW suitable for a critical care transport, especially if he has one or more hospital beds or standing by a mounting for such a bed. It also offers, as the intensive care bed takes up a lot of space, more space for the support staff.
Transport heavy patients
A normal ambulance is limited in terms of space, and also the stretcher for safety reasons, only up to a certain maximum mass (usually 150 kg ) load capacity. In particularly severe patients can be used here also a GRTW. Normally this is a special stretcher is used, which even runs on wheels but no substructure as has a stretcher. Thus it also has a lower center of gravity. It is usually designed for patients up to 400 kg. The transport can be simplified by a herabsenkbaren corridor and a ramp or a lift on.
Crew
The GRTW usually has only a crew of two, sometimes just one person, because usually climb the needed forces at the destination. Some civil service have the opportunity to GRTW when deployed to accompany as an auxiliary force.
Technology
Since the GRTW where appropriate way and any special rights ( § 35 and 38 Highway Code ) takes, this is a special signaling system consisting of rotating beacon and a siren equipped (fire brigade or ambulance service vehicle). For a better patient admissions a GRTW has mostly using an adjustable height hallway or on a hoist, which is necessary where the low-floor design of the carrier vehicle. For a slight modification ( stretcher bracket and seats for slightly injured or uninjured ) can be located as in an airplane on the ground rails, in which the corresponding module can be installed. Because there is no DIN standard for the equipment of a large-capacity emergency vehicle, the equipment can be selected according to the needs of the operator. Standard in Germany, however, include several carrying and emergency kits as well as a normal equipment of an ambulance. Partial oxygen unit is permanently installed. Then be located corresponding connections to the places for seats or stretchers.