Amhara National Democratic Movement
The National Democratic Movement of Amhara or Amhara ( Amharic የብሔረ አማራ ዴሞክራሲያዊ ንቅናቄ transcribed Yeh - Bəherä Amara Demokrasiyawi Nəqnaqe ( Democratic Movement of ( ethnic group ) Amhara ), short form Bi'aden; ANDM English Amhara National Democratic Movement, abbreviated ) is a socialist political party in Ethiopia, which is aimed primarily at the Amharic population.
It belongs to the ruling coalition Ethiopian People 's Revolutionary Democratic Front of the ( EPRDF ), which of the People's Liberation Front of Tigray ( TPLF ) is performed. Overall, the party of the National Democratic Movement of Amhara has about 750,000 members. In the parliamentary elections in May 2005, the National Democratic Movement of Amhara total of 87 of the possible 546 seats in the Ethiopian People's House of Representatives received.
Critics consider the ANDM to be largely controlled by the TPLF. Amhara tend to favor a centralized political system and do not consider themselves as one among many ethnic groups, but as residents of the respective geographic region and commonly referred to as Ethiopians.
History
The ANDM went out in 1980 from a part of IHAPA, which merged with the TPLF. She was in the underground in the province Begemder ( Gonder ) active and fought against the Derg regime of Mengistu Haile Mariam. They first called the Ethiopian People's Democratic Movement (English " Ethiopian People's Democratic Movement ", EPDM ). The ( to be designated by the end of the 1980s as a Marxist- Leninist ) organization went from one wing of the IHAPA to Addisu Legesse (now Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development and Secretary General of the ANDM ) shows that the negative attitude of IHAPA against armed movements in Eritrea and Tigray and criticized for a close alliance with the People's liberation Front of Tigray ( TPLF ) occurred; the latter was the EPDM and later the ANDM an accused to be only a block party of the TPLF. Anyway, the EPDM worked since its inception with the TPLF closely together and developed in the 1980s, the strongest armed opposition group against the Mengistu regime under the amharischsprachigen population in the provinces Begemder, Shewa and Wollo.
1989 formed TPLF and EPDM the EPRDF coalition, the 1991, the central government since the overthrow of Mengistu's Ethiopia is and his Workers' Party of Ethiopia. The EPDM was renamed to ANDM to emphasize its focus on the ethnic group of Amhara. The previously gesamtäthiopisch oriented program of the organization was changed to Amharic ethnic nationalism, which corresponds to the introduced by the TPLF / EPRDF " ethnic federalism " (see Administrative divisions of Ethiopia ).
From Oromo members of the EPDM and from prisoners of war Oromo the TPLF founded the Democratic organization of Oromovolkes as the partner of the Amhara in the Oromo ethnic group.