Anemone ranunculoides
Yellow Anemone (Anemone ranunculoides )
The Yellow Wood Anemone (Anemone ranunculoides ) is a plant of the family Ranunculaceae ( Ranunculaceae ). The specific epithet comes from the Latin word ranunculus = ranunculus and refers to the hahnenfußähnlichen flowers. The yellow anemone occurs mainly in base-rich deciduous forests. It is generally rare to find than the closely related Windflower, then grows but sociable.
Description
The herbaceous plant forms a 10 to 30 centimeters high, erect flower stems. In its heyday, between March / April and May are missing basal leaves. However, sitting on stem in a whorl ( whorl ) three short or sessile, each three-piece cut, serrated bracts. While the Windflower developed only one flower (rarely two) per plant, the Yellow Anemone one to three (usually two ) flowers per plant can be formed. The flower has five yellow perianth and numerous stamens.
By offering Lock and feed materials in a nutrient-rich appendage of the fruits, the Elaiosom, ants are attracted to procrastinate the seeds and spread by it. This form of distribution is called Myrmecochorie.
The chromosome number is 2n = 32
Toxicity
The Yellow anemone is poisonous in all its parts. Main ingredients are protoanemonin, which is apparently ineffective in drying, Anemonol and other unknown toxins. Symptoms of poisoning include: nausea, diarrhea, bleeding and kidney damage. The lethal dose is 30 plants.
Occurrence
The distribution area includes major parts in the more continental Europe, the yellow anemone missing on the British Isles and along the Atlantic coast. To the east it is found to the Caspian and the Black Sea and the Caucasus. Closely related species colonize Asia. It grows from the level up to middle mountain areas ( in Austria to 1350 m above sea level ). Within Germany, a large-scale distribution gap in the northwest German lowlands is present, while the kalkhaltigere, early summer warmer young moraine landscape in northeast Germany and the corresponding low-mountain regions are inhabited somewhat steady in the center and south.
The Yellow Anemone is a typical Frühjahrsgeophyt which forms the herbaceous layer in forests, while the trees still bear no leaves in the spring. In particular sickerfrische to moist, nutrient -, base- and lime-rich, deep, loamy Mullböden in mixed forests of beech, oak and hornbeam forests, floodplains and canyon forests, regionally and in alder-ash forests and are rarely settled in meadows. The Yellow Anemone is considered ecologically demanding in terms of site conditions as the wood anemone, with which it may syntopically.
Trivial names
For the yellow wood anemone or were, sometimes only regionally, including the names Geelögschen (Silesia ), Firecrest ( Pomerania, Silesia ), geele hazel flowers ( East Prussia ), yellow stork Flowers ( Mark Brandenburg), geele forest Henle, yellow forest violet ( Silesia) and yellow Waldviolen ( East Prussia ) in use.
Others
The species is easy to propagate by division and is planted because of their ease of care even in gardens near bushes or trees. If the yellow anemone and wood anemones in the same habitat on, it comes in rare cases to hybrids with a pale yellow flower color. The hybrids bears the botanical name Anemone × seemenii.