Anina

Anina ( German Steierdorf, Romanian Anina, Hungarian Stájerlak ) is a town in the district Caras -Severin, Banat, Romania.

Geographical location

The city is located in the Banat Mountains, and was in the 19th and 20th centuries an important center of coal mining. A large part of the German minority emigrated in the 1980s and 1990s in Germany.

Etymology

The village was founded in 1773 Steierdorf by the settlement of 34 wood bats and charcoal burners, who came mainly from Styria and the Austrian Salzkammergut. From the region of origin of the settlers, Styria, who also wrote the name of the place.

The place Anina was created in 1860 as a settlement. The name goes back to the district Erlental, which originated as a commercial area at this time. (Alder is called in Romanian Anin. ). Here have settled mainly in the first and especially after the Second World War Romanians who came from the Lesser Wallachia ( Oltenia ).

In 1952, Anina was raised by the incorporation Steier village to the city. At the entrance are two nameplates, Anina and Steierdorf attached. From the German population of the district is also called Anina Erlental.

Neighboring towns

History

The current district Steierdorf was founded in 1773 by the establishment of 34 wood bats and charcoal burners, who came mainly from Styria and from the Austrian Salzkammergut. From the area of ​​origin of the settlers, Styria, who also wrote the name of the place. The Köhler were specially brought to meet the demand for charcoal from the huts Oraviţa and Ciclova. 1790 was the Mathias Koehler hammer a piece of coal; 1792 has already started promoting them. 1858, the first Steier villages ironworks was built. As a result, the demand for labor and there were other colonists from Styria, from Bohemia, from the Zips (Slovakia ), but also from villages of Banat Heath brought.

In 1860 the settlement Anina was created. 1952 Anina was raised by the incorporation Steier village to the city.

Economy

Anina is located in the Banat Mountains, and was in the 19th and 20th centuries an important center of coal mining. There was coal of excellent quality, and oil shale. This steamships, railways and the engineering industry were supplied. 1856 Coke Oven and 1861 the first blast furnace was put into operation. 1913, the ironworks was however moved to Resita. In the 1980s, the oil shale was burned in the nearby power plant Crivina. Today the coal deposits in Anina are largely exhausted.

Cultural life

The settlers already established in 1774, a hospital and a school. In 1787 the first church was built in Steierdorf. In their place, today's Roman Catholic Church was inaugurated in 1872 in the Gothic style. Just as old is also the Protestant Church in Steierdorf. The Roman Catholic Church in Anina was opened in 1912. 1922, the Culture House was built. 1930, the foundation stone laying ceremony of the Orthodox Cathedral held in Anina. In Steierdorf and Anina there were a number of associations: the men's choir (1869 ), the volunteer fire brigade (1882) and the Mining and Metallurgical Workers' Society ( 1897), the co-op (1883 ).

Chronology

Sons and daughters of the town

• Franz Rosenberger (1895-1967), German composer and romania military musician
• Geza Slovig (1895-1944), romania German church musician, music teacher and composer
• Slovig Wilhelm (1891-1960), romania German mining engineer, local researchers
• Ion Timofte (born 1967 ), the Romanian football player