Aquificae

Electron micrograph of Venenivibrio stagnispumantis cells

The Aquificales, the only order of the class Aquificae, are a group of bacteria that exist under very extreme conditions. They are found in hot springs, sulfur pools and in oceanic areas where geothermal heat escapes. Species of the genus Aquifex life such as water at temperatures between 85 and 95 ° C. The Aquificales are the most common creatures in neutral to alkaline hot springs above 60 ° C. They are autotrophic and bind much carbon.

Features

The thermophilic, gram - negative rods are 0.2 to 6 microns in size. Under certain growth conditions, they can also filamentous growth. There are not formed spores. Typical of the whole order of their chemolithotrophic lifestyle is under strictly anaerobic or microaerophilic conditions. All known isolates have demonstrated their growth optimum at 70 ° C and above, they were both in terrestrial hot springs as well as in black and white smokers at the bottom of the deep sea. The type genus is Aquifex.

System

The preparation of an order of Aquificales was in 1992 by Huber et al. suggested that the order was described in 2001 by Reysenbach and validly published in 2002. 2006 which was followed by emendation of L' Haridon et al ..

• Class: Aquificae Reysenbach 2002 Order: Aquificales Reysenbach 2002 Family: Aquificaceae Reysenbach 2002 Genus: Aquifex Huber & Stetter 1992
• Genus: Hydrogenivirga Nakagawa et al. 2004
• Genus: Hydrogenobacter Kawasumi et al. 1984
• Genus: Hydrogenobaculum Stöhr et al. 2001
• Genus: Thermocrinis Huber et al. 1999

• Genus: Hydrogenothermus Stöhr et al. 2001
• Genus: Persephonella Götz et al. 2002
• Genus: Sulfurihydrogenibium Takai et al. 2003
• Genus: Venenivibrio Hetzer et al. 2008