Archanes

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Archanes (Greek Αρχάνες (f. pl. ) ) Is a district of the municipality Archanes - Asterousia in Crete. Archanes situated about twelve kilometers south of Heraklion on the foot of the mountain Giouchtas (pronounced Juchtas ). Archanes is home to around 5,000 inhabitants and consists of the villages of Kato Archanes and Epano Archanes ( Ano Archanes ) with five other small settlements.

The 1925 as a rural community ( kinotita ) recognized Epano Archanes became the municipality ( dimos ) collected in 1947 and renamed in Archanes. 1997 Kato Archanes was incorporated. This community was January 1, 2011 part of the newly created municipality Archanes - Asterousia, has since formed a township in Archanes.

• 3.1 Archaeological Sites
• 3.2 Ethnographic museums
• 3.3 churches
• 3.4 chapels outside the village
• 3.5 Near

• 5.1 Sons and daughters of the town
• 5.2 personalities who have worked on site

History

The syllable " Arch ", and "Oh," seems to refer to water, and actually Archanes has a small river and a lot of water and this is probably already in antiquity. The mountain Giouchtas ( 811 m ) is called the grave of Zeus because of his profile. The name comes from the Venetian period and Giouchtas is to " Jupiter" go back. In ancient times it was called Ίυττός.

The excavations and finds in Archanes and the surrounding area show that the place was densely inhabited as early as the Minoan period in the 16th century BC. A three-storey palace was excavated in the middle of town, but only to a small extent; suspected other buildings under the houses of Archanes. On the Minoan cemetery Fourni - between Kato and Ano Archanes - ivory idols and carvings were found, suggesting relations with Syria and Egypt.

South of Giouchtas is the Minoan Good Vathypetro with well-preserved oil and wine press, the oldest of Crete. On the " chin " of the Giouchtas, the northern ridge at the Anemospilia, the " wind caves ", the archeology couple Sakellarakis discovered a small temple which was probably destroyed by an earthquake at the exact moment when there is a human sacrifice was consummated.

From the Byzantine period, there are some churches in Archanes and environment. Among the Venetians, the aqueduct was built on the road to Knossos, Heraklion the supplied water from Giouchtas. The Ottoman era left behind the " Tourkogitonia ," the Turkish quarter in which at that time lived mostly Turks.

After the first two decades of the 20th century, many Archanioten had emigrated, moved to 1922 many Greeks, who had been expelled from Asia Minor. They settled mainly in the western part at the foot of Giouchtas, in the quarter Synikismos.

In the following years, the school was completed at the entrance, Archanes electrified (1926 ), opened a winter movies, the first network set up for water supply ( 1927) and the Agricultural Cooperative founded ( 1931).

During the German occupation in Archanes the commander of the 22nd Infantry Division was stationed as well as a makeshift military hospital. The kidnapping of the German General Kreipe, one of the most spectacular acts of resistance, took on 26 April 1944 in the vicinity of Archanes their output.

Economy and infrastructure

Archanes live by wine and olive growing, processing and marketing. Both products make, each about half, 96 % of agricultural products from. Grapes are grown for table grapes, raisins and wine making. Founded in 1931 Agricultural Cooperative Archanes is one of the oldest in Greece, you belong to 1119 members. The fourth of the wine production is exported to Germany, France and the Netherlands, the rest of the production is mostly marketed domestically. Since the late 1990s, an attempt is made to gradually convert parts of vine growing on biological and integrated cultivation starts with the cultivation of table grapes. Initiated by the municipality, a non-profit organization was founded in 2003 in favor of integrated farming, whose 165 members are producers of table grapes. Three companies engaged in the processing and distribution of herbs, spices, mushrooms and traditional products.

The community has made considerable efforts to upgrade, with the support of EU programs, the village, and the quality of life. So many mansions ( Archontika ) have been restored, encouraged house paintings and hand-painted shop signs, a folklore and an archaeological museum established and guaranteed by local statutes that new buildings be built architecturally adapted. So tile roofs are required, for example, new buildings, otherwise the house has no power connection.

The community was this with the second place in the competition of the European Union for agricultural development and enhancement of villages European Village in 2000, including the first prize in the category for an integrated and sustainable growth of excellent quality, and the Golden Environmental Prize in 2001 Eleftherios Platakis the University of Crete for measures awarded for environmental and nature protection and maintenance of the building fabric.

Through these activities, and because of the archaeological finds in and around Archanes the place was interesting for tourists, so that new hotels and pensions are opened. Through immigration increases the population of the place and the construction industry is growing by numerous new buildings and restoration work.

Traffic

The old road connecting Heraklion to Archanes passes at Knossos and the Venetian aqueduct. ( Called Viomikhaniki, " industrial road " ) A new, highway-like constructed road branches off from the New Road near the airport and leads through the industrial zone of the Heraklion Archanes. About Patsides, on the road junction with a striking sculpture, reminiscent of the Kreipe abduction, the road passes through Kato Archanes to Ano Archanes. Since 2007 there is a ring road that bypasses the town to the west just before entering the town to Ano Archanes and on the southern slopes of the Giouchtas pushes back on local thoroughfare.

After Heraklion hourly bus service, a journey which takes about half an hour.

Public institutions

Based in Archanes is the Anaptyxiaki Iraklion (Greek Αναπτυξιακή Ηρακλείου Α.Ε., " Development of Heraklion AG " ), a corporation that is responsible for the entire prefecture of Heraklion. Your shares will be held from 24 municipalities in the prefecture, the TEDK, seven farm or small industrial cooperatives and a bank. Their responsibilities include the support of local self-government, growth planning, management of national and EU projects, technical assistance in the area of ​​training and improving the quality of life and initiatives in the field of environmental protection, the conservation of cultural heritage and cooperation within the region.

Culture

Ano Archanes has a municipal summer cinema Paradissos which is a member of the network of summer cinemas of the Ministry of Culture. Concerts and theater performances during the summer in the courtyard of the old elementary school, held in the winter in the auditorium of the new elementary school. In Kato Archanes, near the necropolis Fourni, an open air theater was opened in June 2008. Various educational and cultural clubs offer regular events and excursions.

The community Archanes, the Education Association, the Centre for open old work ( KAPIs ) and the parish have issued a total of more than fifty books and pamphlets on the history, the buildings and the traditions of the place. A significant proportion of these publications, especially recent history and folklore was written by the two former teachers Eleni Doundoulaki and Irini Tachataki.

Sports

Archanes features a football field with basketball court and 300 spectator seats and a sports hall with 650 spectator seats with an attached gym, which can be used free of charge by residents of the community.

Tourism and Attractions

Archanes has seven hotels and traditional guesthouses along with about a hundred beds (as of autumn 2007). About twenty taverns and restaurants and five traditional Kafenia attract especially on the weekends also numerous guests from Heraklion.

The village and the surrounding area offer a number of interesting destinations of Crete Visitors:

Archaeological Sites

• Grave system ( Fourni ), a necropolis of the Bronze Age
• To the Minoan temple of Anemospilia, where have been a human sacrifice in the Minoan period
• The excavation of a Minoan palace in the quarter Tourkogitonia
• Villa in Vathypetro with Minoan oil and wine press just before the village Vathypetro in which many Archanioten maintain summer homes
• Minoan peak sanctuary on the northern summit of Giouchtas
• The Archaeological Museum

Ethnographic museums

• Ke before Kato Archanes the Mousio Kritikis Istorias Paradosis, the Museum of History and tradition of Crete ( Psaltakis Museum ) with an open-air exhibition and a division of the German occupation of Crete
• The folklore museum in the center of Ano Archanes
• Fabrika Eleni, one built around 1870 on the ruins of a Minoan wall " factory" with an old oil press, which was powered by horses, now a restaurant with exhibition space, is played in the traditional Cretan music once a week

Churches

• Agios Georgios from the 14th century in the center of Archanes
• Called Kimisis Tis Theotokou ( the "Assumption " ), or simply Panagia ( "Madonna" ), at the entrance, built about 1670, now also an exhibition space for valuable icons and church utensils
• Agios Nikolaos, Cathedral in the center of Archanes, built in 1857

Chapels outside the village

• Mikhail Archangelos of the 1315 in the district Asomatos
• Of 1443 on the South Summit of Giouchtas ( walk from Archanes about an hour, even on a gravel road with a vehicle to achieve ) Afendis Christos

In the area

• The Instrument Museum and the Musical Workshop Labyrinth of Ross Daly in place Choudetsi in the neighboring district of Nikos Kazantzakis
• The Kazantzakis Museum in Myrthia ( Municipality of Nikos Kazantzakis )
• The Venetian aqueduct (1626-1628 built ) at the Agia Irini gorge, through which the water flowed from the mountain Giouchtas to Morosini Fountain in Iraklio

Education

Archanes has a kindergarten, two full-day preschools, two all-day primary schools, a high school (Grades 7-9 ) and two high schools (Grades 10-12).

2003, a regional center of the Hellenic Open University of Crete ( PEK-EAP. ) was opened in the neoclassical building of the old primary school on the outskirts. The Open University offers distance learning and attendance phases at graduate and postgraduate courses which to those of other Greek universities are equivalent. In the same building is located, since 2005, a college of education and technical training. In addition, there the Center for Environmental Education Archanes is housed, the teachers and school offers to pollution and biodiversity to tourism and the environment and on the topic " Why disappear raptors? " Makes.

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the town

The Greek MEP Stavros Arnaoutakis (PASOK ) comes from Archanes and maintains there be election office. From 1991 to 2004 he was mayor of Archanes.

Personalities who have worked on site

The Archaeologist couple Efi and Giannis Sakellarakis have conducted in the area of Archanes some significant excavations ( necropolis Fourni, Minoan temple Anemospilia, Palace in Archanes ) and live there temporarily.

In Archanes lives of musicians Ross Daly, of Irish descent, born in England and resident in Crete since 1975. He is one of the most famous Cretan musician, playing a variety of instruments and works on tour and at the Musical Workshop Labyrinth in Choudetsi, near Archanes, with artists from around the world together to find new ways in traditional music forms. In Choudetsi Daly has set up an Instrument Museum.

The sculptor Manolis Tsompanakis, which, inter alia, the sculptures were done at the intersection of Kreipe abduction and before the Nikos Kazantzakis Museum - in Myrtia, has his studio in Archanes.