Arkadia, Łowicz County

Arkadia is a landscape park in the English style in Poland, located between Łowicz and Nieborów. The plant covers an area of about fifteen acres. The park is open to the public since 1945 and is now managed by the National Museum in Warsaw.

History

The garden was built as the summer residence of the Radziwill family in the period 1778-1785. The founder of the garden was Helena Radziwill (1753-1821), planning and execution took Szymon Bogumil train, were involved Wojciech Jaszczołd and Henryk Ittar. There was a romantic landscape garden, which was similar to the Park of Girardin in Ermenonville. The concept was based on a landscape design that was based on an idealized nature with the idea of ​​Et in Arcadia ego. For the Garden staffages train models found in the paintings of Charles -Louis Clérisseau. Regardless of the history of ideas connect to Ermenonville settled Helena Radziwill from the garden Izabela Czartoryska in Powązki ( in Warsaw, destroyed ) are derived: Apparently competed the two princesses in the design together.

Shape

The park is divided into three areas: an artificial lake, the surrounding waters, the landscape in the English style and a free, unshaped section. In the lake, which is fed from the river Lupia, there are two islands. The park in the strict sense consists of a plantation, which is characterized by loose forest, alternating with open meadow areas. To the southeast is designated the " Elysian Fields " to understand "wilderness" in the form of an open meadow area.

The way system consisting of irregularly conducted walkways and paths, leads the visitor to the central building, a temple whose forecourt overlooks the lake. There is a walk around the lake; along furthermore led originally a route along the river to the lying in a bend Rousseau Island ( Knox 1972). A seven- kilometer-long avenue of lime trees Arkadia connects with the park of the castle of Nieborów.

Structures

One of the main park staffages is the Temple of Diana ( Świątynia Diany ), built in 1783 by train in the classical style. The temple with viersäuliger porch is compiled from various architectural elements of Greek temples, the back is designed as a semi-circular colonnade. A ceiling fresco by Jan Piotr Norblin inside shows the motif Jutrzenka otwierająca świtu podwoje ( "Aurora leads the horses of Apollo ", originated around 1785 ). The inscription on the pediment of the front of a sonnet by Petrarch is: Dove pace Trovai d' ogni mia guerra ("Where I found peace after each of my fights "). Before the temple one flanked by the figures of a sphinx and a lion staircase leads to the lake.

Another building is the Temple of the High Priest ( Przybytek Arcykapłana ), which was also designed by train and its construction is available in 1783, completed by 1821. Were in the building parts of the broken, created by Jan Michałowicz from Urzędów grave chapel of Jakub Uchański, a Primate of the 16th century from Łowicz inserted.

Also located there is the Gothic house ( Domek Gotycki ). It was built in 1791-1792, the underlying drawing is from Aleksander Orlowski. In the immediate vicinity is the cave of the Sibyl ( Grota Sybilli ), whose input consists of large boulders. The Roman Aqueduct ( Akwedukt ) at the inflow to the lake was designed by train as artificial ruin (1784, reconstructed 1952).

To further feature of the garden lies close to the Temple of Diana Stone Arch ( Luk Kamienny ), also Greek arch ( Luk grecki ) called, and the neighboring Margrave House ( Dom Murgrabiego ), both built in 1795-1798 by train. Furthermore, there is an obelisk and a series of still images. An amphitheater and circus ( Cyrk Rzymski ) above is in the nature of the Hippodrome, both from Henryk Ittar, are no longer present. On the Rousseau Island was a cenotaph of 1790.