Arthur Morin

Arthur Jules Morin (* October 19, 1795 in Paris, † February 7, 1880 in Paris) was a French physicist. Morin conducted experiments in mechanics and invented the Morin dynamometer.

Morin studied at the Ecole Polytechnique in Paris, interrupted by his participation in the defense of Paris, 1814. After Napoleon's defeat, he continued his studies in engineering at the Ecole d' Application de Metz continued. He was then a military engineer, the pontoon bridges built with the pioneers. In 1852 he was Brigadier-General and 1855 Divisional General of Artillery. In addition, he taught in the 1830s mechanics in Metz and in 1839 at the Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, where he became director in 1849, where he stayed almost until his death. In 1852 he opened a laboratory there, were taught in the engineers.

In Metz and Paris, he worked closely with his friend Jean -Victor Poncelet. With him he brought from the 1830s experiments on friction by the Coulomb's friction law confirmed. But Morin also checked, for example, the classic case experiments by Galileo Galilei. In 1849 he invented with Poncelet a torque meter. Further experimental investigations concerned in the 1850s and 1860s, the strength properties of building materials, which was in architecture and civil engineering of fundamental importance, and what 1863, a book appeared to him. He also led investigations into building ventilation by, for example, carbon monoxide concentration due to coal fires in houses, then a frequent cause of accidents. He invented anemometer that the air masses, for example, in the Paris Palace of Justice in the chimney - stacks.

In 1855 he was president of the Commission for the World Exhibition in Paris. In 1863, he was the successor of Gaspard Gustave de Coriolis in the Academie des Sciences ( Section mechanics). In 1858 he was knight of the Legion of Honour and in 1862 he became a member of the French Civil Society, which he was president in 1863.

Works

• Expériences sur les pneus hydrauliques à aubes plan sur les pneus et hydrauliques à augets (1836 )
• Aide Memoire de mécanique pratique à l' usage of officiers d' Ingénieurs et des civils artillery and Military (1838 )
• Description of appareils chronométriques à style, propres à la représentation graphique et à la Determination des lois du mouvement, et des appareils dynamométriques, propres à l' effort mesurer ou le travail par les developpé moteurs animés ou par les inanimés et de transmission du mouvement organes dans les machines ( 1838)
• Leçons de mécanique pratique à l' usage of auditeurs of cours du Conservatoire des arts et métiers (5 volumes, 1846-1853, English translation 1860)
• Conservatoire des arts et métiers. Catalogue of the collections, publié par ordre de M. le ministre de l'Agriculture et du commerce ( 1851)
• Resistance of matériaux (2 volumes, 1863)
• Des machines et appareils destinés à l' élévation des eaux (1863 )
• Salubrité of habitations. Manuel pratique du chauffage et de la ventilation (1868 )