August Cramer

Johann Baptist Cramer August ( born November 10, 1860 in Ragaz, † September 5, 1912 in Göttingen ) was a German psychiatrist.

Life

August Cramer was a son of the prison psychiatrist Heinrich Cramer. He studied medicine in Munich, Freiburg and Marburg with his father, to whose clinic he worked after the approval in 1886. He received his Ph.D. in 1887 in Marburg and joined as an assistant doctor to Freiburg and 1889 as a second physician at the state mental hospital to Eberswalde. He habilitated in 1895 in Göttingen and became the March 1, 1895 senior physician and deputy director of the provincial mental hospital and psychiatric clinic in Göttingen. 1897 appointed associate professor, he joined in 1900 the successor Louis Meyers in Göttingen.

Cramer developed during his tenure as director of the Institute psychiatric- neurological field work in Göttingen much further. He founded in 1901 the Department of Mental and Nervous Diseases in rented rooms. From this foundation, the Göttingen University Hospital of Psychiatry and Neurology later developed. He initiated the establishment of a provincial Verwahrhaus for so-called " anti-social " mentally ill and started a healing and educational institution for psychopathic care wards and 1903 the provincial sanatorium for nervous patients " Rasemühle ," the first German people mental facility.

Cramer wrote a multi launched Introduction to Forensic Psychiatry in 1889 and coined the term " thought echo ." He described the phenomenon that some patients experienced their thoughts as expressed in her chest. He also presented the first clinical trial of proprioceptive and kinesthetic hallucination. He made himself a name as a pioneer of child and adolescent psychiatry.

Shortly before his sudden death Cramer had accepted the offer to take over as the successor of Theodor pulling the Berlin chair of psychiatry and head of the psychiatric clinic of the Charité.

Publications

• The hallucinations in the muscular sense in the insane and their clinical significance. A contribution to the knowledge of paranoia. Mohr, Freiburg i Br 1889.
• Contributions to the minute anatomy of the medulla oblongata and the bridge with special consideration of the 3 - 12th Cranial nerves. With 46 illustrations in the text. Fischer, Jena, 1894.
• Forensic Psychiatry. A guide for doctors and lawyers. Gustav Fischer, Jena 1897.
• About the out-of- school causes the nervousness of children. In: Collection of papers from the field of educational psychology and physiology; 2,5. , 1899.
• The civil servant, doctor and medical experts. With particular reference to the German Reich and Prussian provincial legislation. Fischer's medicine. Bookstore H. Kornfeld, Berlin 1902.
• With Otto Binswanger et al.: Textbook of Psychiatry. Fischer, Jena, 1904.
• The public health sector in Prussia, taking into. the relevant imperial legislation. Fischer's medicine. Bookstore H. Kornfeld, Berlin, 1904.
• About public danger from the medical point of view. Lecture. Marhold, Halle a S 1905.
• The nervousness. Their causes, symptoms and treatment; for students and doctors. Fischer, Jena, 1906.
• On the theory of affects. Speech on behalf of the Georg -August- University for Academic awards ceremony on June 17, 1908. Dieterich, Göttingen 1908.
• Puberty and school. Teubner, Leipzig, 1910.
• With Ludwig Bruns and Theodor Drag: Manual of nervous diseases in childhood. Karger, Berlin, 1912.