Autodidacticism

A self-taught ( altgr. αὐτός cars, auto ' and διδάσκειν didaskein, teach ') is someone who is self-taught (that is, self-study ) an educational appropriates.

History

Self-taught artist can get their entire education, including skills in the art, in-house acquire, such as the philosopher / writer Jean -Jacques Rousseau, or Porsche founder Ferdinand Porsche and the U.S. President Abraham Lincoln or just on a different area, as the learned of them, such as voice and fairy tale researcher Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm, the lawyers were or Joseph Mallord William Turner, of the entire knowledge appropriated in the art painting with 14 years myself.

Is Attributed to the term self-taught the German philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, who, among other things as a librarian at the Herzog August Library in Wolfenbüttel worked as a doctor of law and himself in one of his works " first, that I was almost entirely self-taught " described. Leibniz is often called the last universal scholar referred to, the most of his extensive knowledge appropriated self-taught.

During the 19th century, the compulsory education prevailed generally. So there were fewer people who had to be forcibly for self-taught, if they wanted to form. Also curious, but destitute persons and women, which was the access to high school and university largely closed at the time found as a serious self-taught sometimes recognition in professional circles. An example of this is the Englishwoman Mary Anning, which evolved from a poor, uneducated fossil collector to one of the most important Paläontologinnen the 19th century.

Services

Self-taught accomplish sometimes considerable to outstanding achievements, today especially in the field of art and foreign languages. A particularly unusual self-taught African-American artist was the Bill Traylor, a former slave who started with more than 80 years to draw and became world famous.

In professional fields, where a visit to a specialist institute neither the rule is required nor mandatory, such as chess players, athletes, artists such as Pop, rock guitarists, painters, journalists, actors and writers of fiction literature (pure entertainment literature), speaks not one of self-taught. Even academics who drop their studies and still be successful as a result of their own training in their field, are not strictly self-taught, nor people who were educated by private tutors.

Persons who come with small means, or out of nowhere and own resources to economic success (the education does not matter), called contrast, intermediate or self -made man.

Known autodidact

With higher education

• Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716), German philosopher and polymath
• Jean -Baptiste le Rond d' Alembert (1717-1783), French mathematician and physicist
• Charles Darwin (1809-1882), English naturalist
• S. Ramanujan (1887-1920), Indian mathematician
• Moshé Feldenkrais (1904-1984), Israeli physicist and neurophysiologist

With home Promotion

• Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832), lawyer, poet, minister, and self-taught naturalist
• Jean -François Champollion (1790-1832), French philologist and cryptanalysts of the hieroglyphs

Without studying

• Jean -Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778), a French-Swiss philosopher, writer
• Michael Faraday (1791-1867), British physicist and chemist
• Mary Anning (1799-1847), British paleontologist
• Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865), 16th President of the United States
• Pierre -Joseph Proudhon (1809-1865), French economist, sociologist and anarchist
• George Boole (1815-1864), British mathematician and philosopher
• Oliver Heaviside (1850-1925), British mathematician and physicist
• Granville T. Woods (1856-1910), American inventor in railways, electrical and mechanical engineering
• Adolf Hitler (1889-1945), German dictator
• Reimar and Walter Horten (1915-1994 and 1913-1998), two German pioneers of flying wing aircraft
• Steve Jobs (1955-2011), former CEO of Apple

Self-taught as a subject in the feature film

• The Prisoner of Alcatraz (1962), directed by John Frankenheimer:

Stereotype

Self-taught is sometimes said to have a resentment toward academically educated, and that they tend towards ostentatious academics with their knowledge.