Bernard de Montfaucon

Don Bernard de Montfaucon ( born January 16, 1655 Soulages Castle in the Languedoc, France, † December 21, 1741 in Paris) was a French scholar and paleograph.

Life

Bernard was of noble birth. Showed early interest in ancient writings. As a teenager, he read a French translation of Plutarch's Vitae. In 1672, he joined the Cadet School from Perpignan to pursue a military career. He served two years in the army of General Henri de Turenne in Germany. However, after a serious illness in 1676, he joined the Benedictine Order and learned in a short time the Greek language. Subsequently, he studied Hebrew, Syriac, Chaldean, Coptic and engaged in numismatics.

Bernard de Montfaucon in 1687 in the monastery of St. Germain -des- Prés called ( Paris) and worked under the leadership of Jean Mabillon on an edition of the Greek Church Fathers. 1694 he was appointed curator of the coin collection. Between 1698 and 1701 he traveled on behalf of the Maurists to Italy, where he studied ancient manuscripts. He also made the acquaintance of Lodovico Antonio Muratori in Milan and Pope Innocent XII. in Rome. As a result of his travels, he published until 1718, among others, the works of Athanasius, Origen and John Chrysostom, still he published in 1739 a catalog of all the Greek manuscripts of the major European libraries. With " L' Antiquité expliquée et représentée s figures" ( 1719) he commented in 1120 illustrations of ancient monuments. In " Les Monumens de la monarchy Francoise " ( 1733) he commented on French monuments, including the first few years earlier rediscovered thanks to the Bayeux Tapestry.

1708 Bernard de Montfaucon published the " Palaeographia graeca ," a textbook on ancient Greek writings. For this purpose he had examined over 11,000 manuscripts. It therefore applies as the founder of Greek palaeography. 1719 Montfaucon was raised as a member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres.

He is buried in the Chapelle de la Vierge of Saint- Germain -des- Prés Mabillon next to Jean.

Writings (selection )

  • Analecta graeca, immersive varia opuscula graeca inedita (Paris 1688)
  • S. Athanasii opera omnia (Paris 1698 )
  • Diarium italicum (Paris 1702)
  • Collectio nova patrum et scriptorum Graecorum (2 volumes, Paris 1706)
  • Palaeographia graeca (Paris 1708)
  • Hexaplorum Origenis quae super sunt: multis partibus auctiora (2 volumes, Paris 1713)
  • Bibliotheca Coisliniana olim Segueriana ( Guerin & Carolus Ludovicus Robustel, Paris 1715 )
  • L' Antiquité expliquée et représentée en figures ( 15 volumes, Paris 1719-1724 )
  • Les monuments de la monarchy française (5 volumes, 1729-1733 Paris )
  • SI Chrisostomi opera omnia (Paris 1718-1738, new edition 1735-1740 )
  • Bibliotheca bibliothecarum manuscriptorum nova (2 volumes, Paris 1739 )
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