Bernhard Karlgren

Klas Bernhard Johannes Karlgren ( born October 5, 1889 in Jonkoping, † October 20, 1978 in Stockholm; Chinese pseudonym高 本 汉/高 本 汉, GAO Běnhàn ) was a Swedish linguist and sinologist who tried one of the first, the sound system of the Central and to reconstruct the ancient Chinese. Karlgren was from 1939 to 1959 director of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities in Stockholm.

He applied the methods of European historical linguistics to the Chinese. As a basis for his reconstruction, he moved old rhyme dictionaries, which again gave the phonological categories of the then standard language, approach, and filled their categories on with data that he won from the study of modern dialects and Chinese loanwords in other languages ​​( Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese ).

His attempts to reconstruct broke new ground in the Chinese linguistics. Karlgren leaned methodological innovations in linguistics ( esp. structuralism, whom he regarded as a temporary fashion ) now and its working methods and results were heavily criticized later. Nevertheless, they form the basis for all recent research in the field of historical phonology of Chinese and related languages ​​.

Works (selection)

  • Études sur la chinoise phonology. From 1915 to 1926.
  • Ordet och Pennan i Mittens Rike, 1918 angepasst as Sound and Symbol in Chinese. . Reprint Oxford 1923: Global Language Press, Toronto 2007, ISBN 978-0-9738-9240-6.
  • The reconstruction of Ancient Chinese. T'oung Pao, vol. 21, pp. 1-42, 1922
  • Analytic Dictionary of Chinese and Sino-Japanese. In 1923.
  • The Authenticity of Ancient Chinese Texts. in: Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities, 1929.
  • The Early History of the Chou Li and Tso Chuan text in: Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities, 1931.
  • Word Families in Chinese in: Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities, 1933.
  • New Studies on Chinese Bronzes in: Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities, 1937.
  • Grammata Serica, Script and Phonetics in Chinese and Sino-Japanese in: The Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities, Stockholm, 1940.
  • Huai and Han. in: The Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities, Stockholm, 1941.
  • Legends and Cults in Ancient China. in: The Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities, Stockholm, 1946.
  • The Book of Documents. in: The Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities, Stockholm, 1950.
  • Compendium of Phonetics in Ancient and Archaic Chinese. in: The Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities, Stockholm, 1954.
  • Grammata Serica Recensa. 1957
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