Betacism

Betazismus is an expression in comparative linguistics and refers to the combinatorial sound changes from "B " to "V ".

Historical Linguistics

In historical linguistics Betazismus denotes the volume change, in which the sound [ b] ( the voiced bilabial plosive, as in English bane ) to the sound [ v] ( the voiced labio-dental fricative, as in English vane ) converts. The Betazismus is a fairly common phenomenon.

In ancient Greek, the letter was beta < β > for the sound [ b]. By Betazismus be changed the sound in modern Greek to [v ] ( Modern Greek is the sound [ b] by the digraph < μπ > reproduced). Eben from it the word Betazismus.

Examples

The most famous example of Betazismus occurs in the Romance languages ​​. The first traces of Betazismus in Latin can be found in the third century after Christ. The result of this sound change is most common in the Italo- Western languages ​​, particularly in Spanish, where the letters and - with the exception of the position at the beginning of a sentence and after - pronunciation [ β ] ( the voiced labiodental plosive, is of the [v ] similar) assumptions; the two sounds are allophones now. A similar phenomenon takes place in the Persian slang, which, for example, the Castilian - Spanish Affirmative "vale " the Persian equalizes. Another example is the Neapolitan, in which the produced by the Betazismus is sound [ v] reproduced with so Italian bocca corresponds to the Neapolitan Vocca; albero corresponds arvero and barba corresponds varva.

The Betazismus also appeared in the ancient Hebrew language. The sound [ b ] (written < ב > ) was added to [ β ] and, finally, except for gemination or if he follows to [ v] in a consonant or a pause. Accordingly, the two sounds were allophones. Because of later sound changes including the loss of gemination the demarcation in modern Hebrew has phonemic.

Voiced bilabial stop Voiced labiodental fricative Neapolitan language
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