Bookplate

A bookplate (from Latin ex, " out " and libris " the books"; literally means " from the books of [ ... ] ") is a glued in Books list, which is used to identify the owner. Other names are books characters or book mark.

History

Precursor of printed bookplates were handwritten possession notices that were already common in the early medieval scriptoria of the monasteries. With the invention of the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg came around the year 1440 books cheaper on another readership. The resulting flowering of libraries let you wishing to identify their own book ownership. In the covers now stuck bookplate; small printed graphic works of art on paper sheets as a woodcut, copper engraving, steel engraving, lithography, or in a modern printing techniques.

First bookplates are from the Holy Roman Empire of the late 15th century. In the technical literature is now considered the woodcut bookplates of Hildebrand Brandenburg of Biberach as the oldest. Its formation is estimated to be the years 1470-1490. From this period but also the bookplate of Hanns Igls boys Berger († 1501) is known, a vicar from Nice city in Hesse.

At the turn of the 16th century were bookplates of famous painters such as Albrecht Dürer, Lucas Cranach the Elder, Hans Holbein the Younger and Hans Burgkmair created the Elder. Later Sebald Beham, Barthel Beham and his brother Hans Baldung were added.

At about the same time as the Old Kingdom emerged this also in Switzerland and in the first half of the 16th century in other European countries: France, Bohemia, Poland and Italy. From the second half of the 16th century, the first specimens from England are known. Over the centuries, mainly certain representations found on bookplate: In the Renaissance coat of arms and portraits were used, which were often decorated with ornaments and pictorial representations. Coat of arms symbolize honor and prosperity. In baroque bookplate biblical motifs ( allegories ) are predominant. Engraving and etching had already replace the woodcut.

Daniel Chodowiecke was one of the best illustrators in the 18th century. Popular motifs were library sense rooms. In England corresponded Chippendale (after the cabinetmaker Thomas Chippendale named) the Rococo of the mainland. In the Biedermeier period (1815-1848), leaves emerged - for example, by Ludwig Richter - that portray a world of bourgeois security.

The bookplate art was revived in 1880, inter alia, by the founder of modern etchings Max Klinger. The bookplate experienced at this time a big boom, which showed itself in an enormous variety of subjects and in the formation of collector circles. Today's German ex-libris Society eV was founded in Berlin in 1891 under the name Club bookplate to Berlin. The published by this society journal bookplate. Journal of books characters - the library user and scholarly history appeared from 1891 to 1906, the successor bookplate, book art and applied graphics from 1907 to 1941, especially in the Art Nouveau awoke the bookplate to new heights. .

Especially in the last two centuries have become the subject of separate bookplate collections and accounting artistic activity ( bookplate art ).

Gallery

Bookplates for Hildebrand Brandenburg ( 1480 )

Bookplate of Jost Amman for Melchior Schedel ( 1570 )

Bookplates for the Episcopal Court Library Brixen ( 1580 )

Bookplates for Johann Jacob Solomon (18th century)

Bookplate of Wilhelm Busch Friedrich Warnecke (1899 )

Hans Thoma, ex libris for Hch W. Zinkografie, monogrammed.

Art Nouveau Poster stamp for Eugene and Helene Ollendorff in Wroclaw ( Etching by Helma Fischer- oil which 1st half the 20th century)

Art Nouveau: bookplate of fraternity Holzminda Göttingen ( 1910)

Masonic bookplates for James Roberts Brown ( 1892)

Art Nouveau Poster stamp for Richard von Krafft -Ebing ( 1900)

Max Klinger, ex libris for D. Bischoff. Etching and aquatint, 1885

Max Klinger, ex libris for LL. Monogrammed ( 1900)

Georg Schrimpf, bookplates. Proof

Bookplate of Emil Orlik for Martha Poensgen ( before 1901 )

Heinrich Vogeler, ex libris for Hugo by reining House ( 1900)

Joseph Sattler, ex libris for Schönfeldt

Joseph Sattler, ex libris for Count Philipp zu Eulenburg