Border Collie
- Group 1: Sheepdogs and Cattle Dogs ( without Swiss Cattle Dogs)
- Section 1: Sheepdogs
- With working trial
Great Britain
- Males: 53 cm Ideal
- Females: slightly less
The Border Collie is recognized by the FCI breed of working and herding dogs from the UK (FCI Group 1, Section 1, Standard No. 297 ).
Origin and History
The first description of the operation of today's Border Collies originated by John Caius, physician to Queen Elizabeth I, recorded in the Book Of Englishe dogges from the year 1576th
"This bulldog Either at the hearing of his masters voyce, or at the wagging and whisteling in his fist ... bringeth the wandring weathers and straying sheepe, into the selfe same place where his masters will and wishe ... wherby the shepherd reapeth this benefite, namely, did with little labor and no toyle or moving of his feete he june rule and guide his snowflake ... Either to have them go forward, or to stand still, or to drawe backward, or to turne this way or to take that way. "
The first reports of working sheepdogs originating from Italy, from the time shortly before the birth of Christ, after the Romans in Britain had invaded and had taken several of these dogs to Italy.
As a progenitor of today's Border Collies applies Old Hemp (1893-1901), owned by the Farmers Adam Telfer. This dog had extraordinary hats abilities and therefore became the most important breeding males of his race.
The breed name "Border Collie " comes to its geographical origin back to the frontier (Border Line) between England and Scotland, and has been used since 1910. Since 1906 in England there are an association of breeders International Sheep Dog Society ( ISDS ), which is not concerned with the appearance of Border Collies, but with their working qualities.
From the FCI of the Border Collie is recognized since 1976. In Germany there are Border Collies since the 1970s, 1978, the first Border Collie was entered in the stud book of the club for British Sheepdogs.
The International Sheep Dog Society has until today brought out no breed standard for Border Collies. For these breeders association only counts the performance of the dog hats on object, it keeps a record of working dogs. 1873 saw the first Sheepdogtrials, hats competitions, instead of (s Sheepdog: Sheep Dog / German Shepherd Trial: Testing, testing ). Later rules developed for these competitions and today they are used in many countries, including Germany, instead. The Border Collie has been bred for a long time exclusively with a view to his hats capability.
Description
The body is harmonious, more long than high, particularly well suited for working dogs and very muscular for speed, agility and endurance. Two coat types are recognized according to the breed standard of the FCI, a long coat and a stock with moderately hairy. Both should have thick coat with a dense undercoat and medium texture. In moderately long fur mane, pants and flags are desired. The fur on the face, ears and forelegs - be short and smooth and the hindlegs from hock to ground should - except for the flags. Many colors are allowed, where white should never predominate. For example, there are the following colors: black and white, red, blue, blue merle, red merle, black and white gemottelt, Sable, Australian red, Lilac. For all colors and Tan, a bright brown color, in the form of badges can be added. The head is broad with a pronounced stop. The nose has depending on coat color, the color black, brown or slate. The muzzle is moderately short and strong with a complete scissor bite. The eyes are wide set well apart oval and of medium size. They are brown, except for Blue Merles, in which one or both eyes may be blue partially or completely. The medium sized ears are upright or tilted forward. The tail is moderately long, but at least to the hock, well feathered, set on low and never carried over the back.
The movement should be free, smooth and tireless. The paws should be doing as little raised, so that the dog can move with great stealth and speed.
Border Collies need a lot of jobs in general, but also phases in which they find sufficient rest. The more activity they get offered, the more they ask it, too. They learn very quickly, which also applies to misconduct which may manifest itself as. They are very attentive, sensitive and lively dogs that require consistent training.
Diseases
As with other Collies of the MDR1 defect occurs when Border Collie on frequently, which causes a hypersensitivity to several drugs. The breed is affected by the Collie Eye Anomaly (CEA ), an inherited eye disease. Exist for the Border Collie genetic testing options on Collie Eye Anomaly, Canine ceroid - lipofuscinosis (CL ) - an incurable fatal metabolic disease - and Trapped Neutrophil Syndrome ( TNS) - a bone marrow disease in which no white blood cells can be released into the bloodstream. These studies allow appropriate breeding strategies to prevent the disease. When Merle / Merle breedings are common congenital defects such as deafness and blindness in the puppy. Therefore, this breed variant is prohibited.
Use
Long the Border Collie was held almost exclusively as a herding dog for sheep in the British Isles. Due to the rapid increase in popularity of agility sport in England and Europe, this breed was also off from farms becoming more popular. In recent years, this breed of dog was, not least because of movies like " Babe " as a family dog always in demand.
Famous Border Collies
- Old Hemp, who is regarded as the progenitor of all Border Collies
- Rico ( * December 1994 † 2008) became famous because in 1999 he bets on the television show, dass. Could assign 77 words each toys and pick up the items on command from an adjacent room. Followed by appearances in other TV shows such as Star TV, could distinguish more than 250 different toys at the Rico. His skills have been the subject of scientific studies that have been published, inter alia, in the journal Science.