Boris Eikhenbaum

Boris Mikhailovich Eichenbaum (Russian Борис Михайлович Эйхенбаум, scientific transliteration Boris Michajlovič Eikhenbaum; * 4 Oktoberjul / October 16 1886greg in Voronezh, .. † November 24, 1959 in Leningrad) was a Russian literary critic of Jewish descent and representatives of Russian formalism.

Life

Oak tree (also: Eikhenbaum ) was the son of two doctors. In 1905 he received his high school diploma and went to St. Petersburg where he first studied at the Academy of Military Medicine and at the Free University. From 1907 to 1913, studied oak tree at the Faculty of St. Petersburg University historico-philological. From 1913 he was in contact with the literary group of Akmeisten and made ​​the acquaintance of, among others, Osip Mandelstam and Anna Akhmatova. 1917 closed oak tree from his studies. In the same year he founded together with Viktor Shklovsky and Osip Brik, the OPOJAS, that is, " the Society for the Study of poetic language ". The group that founded the Russian formalism, soon came yet Juri Tynjanow and Roman Jakobson.

Following the Russian Revolution oak tree worked as an editor with spending on Russian classics, was a lecturer and professor at the University of Leningrad, teacher and researcher at the Institute of Art History and finally assistant at Pushkin House. 1949 all tasks have been revoked due to alleged " formalism " and " cosmopolitanism " him. Finally, in 1956 this prohibition was lifted.

Oak tree brother Vsevolod, better known by his pseudonym Volin, was a well-known Russian anarchist.

Works

In the 1920s developed oak tree his theory of art in studies on the melody of the verse of a Russian monograph on Anna Akhmatova as well as in numerous essays. He introduced the concept of " inner speech ", which he describes as an intermediary between the text and the subject, between language and psyche.

In German published by Oak Tree:

  • Essays on the Theory and History of Literature, 1965
  • My Zeitbote. Fiction, science, criticism, Human Interest, Leipzig and Weimar 1987
  • The revival of the word. Essays of the Russian school formals ( anthology of essays of all members of the formal school), Leipzig 1987
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