Brainstem

As the brainstem (Latin truncus cerebri or trunk encephali ) the below the diencephalon ( diencephalon ) areas of the brain are referred excluding the cerebellum localized.

For brainstem include:

• Prolonged spinal cord (medulla oblongata )
• Bridge ( pons)
• Midbrain ( mesencephalon )

In contrast to the brainstem to the brain stem is also associated with the diencephalon, the brain stem is thus a subset of the brain stem. For functional and evolutionary reasons, it is not very useful to have the diencephalon with the midbrain, bridge and medulla oblongata.

The anatomy of the brain stem changed the course of evolution relatively little, especially during the forebrain continually developed.

The subdivision of the brainstem is most apparent on its side facing the body front ( ventral ) side.

Diseases

Lesions of the brain stem cause brainstem syndromes. Damage to the cars to the body downstream ( caudal ) cranial nerve nuclei leading to pseudobulbar palsy.

Evidence

• Brain
• Neurobiology
• Central Nervous System