Butanone
- MEK
- Methyl ethyl ketone
- Ethyl methyl ketone
- 2-butanone
- Butan- 2-one
- Methylpropanon
- Methyl acetone
Highly flammable, colorless, similar to acetone -smelling liquid
Liquid
0.81 g · cm -3
-86 ° C
80 ° C.
105 hPa ( 20 ° C)
353 g · l - 1 in water, soluble in organic solvents
1.3788 (20 ° C)
Risk
200 ml · m-3 and 600 mg · m-3
2737 mg · kg -1 ( LD50, rat, oral)
Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available
Butanone is next to one of the structurally simplest ketones acetone. It is a colorless, mobile liquid with a typical sweet and pungent smell.
Nomenclature
Butanone is isomeric to the corresponding aldehyde called butyraldehyde. More specifically, it is referred to as 2-butanone, 2 denotes a locant the binding site of the oxygen atom in the carbon chain.
Production and representation
Butanone is partially formed by the hydration of 2-butene, followed by dehydration of the resulting 2 -butanol. Another possibility is the direct catalytic oxidation of n-butane.
Properties
Butanone is a colorless liquid, boiling at atmospheric pressure at 80 ° C. The vapor pressure function is given by Antoine corresponding log10 (P) = A- ( B / ( T C)) (P in Torr, T in K) with A = 7.06356, B = 1261.340 and C = 221.969. The compound forms a variety of solvents azeotropically boiling mixtures. The azeotropic compositions and boiling points are given in the following table. No azeotropes are formed with toluene, ethylbenzene, 1-propanol, n-butanol, iso- butanol, sec- butanol, acetone, 1,4-dioxane, methyl acetate and isopropyl acetate.
The miscibility with water is limited. With increasing temperature the solubility of butanone decreases or increases the water solubility of water in butanone.
Butanone forms flammable vapor - air mixtures. The compound has a flash point of -10 ° C. The explosion range is between 1.5 vol % ( 45 g/m3) as the lower explosive limit ( LEL) and 12.6 % by volume ( 378 g/m3 ) and upper explosive limit (UEL ). With a minimum ignition energy of 0.27 mJ vapor - air mixtures are extremely flammable. The maximum explosion pressure is 9.3 bar. The limiting oxygen concentration at 20 ° C at 9.5 vol%. The marginal gap width was determined to be 0.85 mm. The result is thus a mapping in the explosion group IIB. The ignition temperature is 475 ° C. The fabric falls within the temperature class T1. The electrical conductivity is relatively low at 3.6 · 10-9 S · m -1.
Use
Butanone as acetone is a good solvent in which a variety of plastics, resins, and coatings can be achieved. In addition, it is also used for dewaxing of lubricating oils, the degreasing of metal surfaces, extraction of fats and oils from natural resins such as an artificial flavor, and for sterilization of medical instruments used. By the reaction of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide with butanone, a key free-radical initiators for the polymerization of polyester resin is formed. Since 1962 it is used in Germany due to the similar boiling point as a denaturant for ethanol.
2001 global 950,000 tons butanone were used.