Cacography

Corruption is an attempt to reproduce a text, so that the result yields a different sense. The Duden is to parody the meaning " ( a word, name, phrase or similar). Disfigure " to. This is also done to parody purposes.

Conceptual history

The etymologist Piper sees the verb parody for ' a text that disfigure an utterance ' ( with the intention to improve something that is supposedly wrong ) is in the literary language since the 18th century, see, for example Verjohannballhornung in the second half of the 18th century, corruption (19th century), ballhornisieren (early 19th century). In the North German territory created derivations " from the name of a book Lübeck printer Johann ball Horn, in the 1586 one by an unknown incorrectly edited edition of Liibeck law appeared ".

The term corruption is on the Lübeck printer Johann Balhorn the younger († 1603) go back to the 1586 output of the Lübeck town law laid, which contained many paraphrased error. According to the history he should have revised an older edition, which, however, more errors were included than before, which is why parody ( rare: ballhornisieren ) originally as much as " make worse " meant. This was particularly embarrassing because other cities are also judged according to Lübeck city rights.

So wrote about Herders Conversations -Lexikon 1854

"Ball Horn, John, printer in Lübeck at the end of the 16th century, issued a Abcfibel in which he had the long-standing in the fibulae Hahne removed the spores on a woodblock and settled 2 eggs; under these he sat: Improves by John B. Of a book called ball horns ( ballhornisiren ) as much as the same deteriorate by improving clumsy ".

Meyers Great Conversation Lexicon 1905 against:

" Balhorn (not ball horn), John, printer of Lübeck 1530-1603. Parody or ballhornisieren The derived its name from word has not been convincingly explained. Most likely it is due to Balhorns edition of " Lübeckischen Statuta " ( 1586) arose because of the made ​​there improvements that have been universally condemned, and because B., who had just printed the book was called solely on the title page. One other explanation derives the word from the fact that [ ... ], in a primer to the usual image of the cock a few eggs have placed under the authority of this story is, however, not been established. See Kopp in the "Magazine for book lovers ," 1902. "

The folklorist Lutz Rohrich now believes that distorts the meaning changes were directing him not Balhorn itself but by two lawyers of the city council, which had occured during the transmission from Low German into High German mistakes and misunderstandings. On the title page of the work, however, only the name of the printer vbersehen as " Auffs Newe / Corrigiret / and is brought from old Sechsischer language in Hochteudsch. Printed Lübeck / by Johan Balhorn ", so that very soon a phrase " improved by Balhorn " naturalized. Such a phrase is occupied abundant in the 17th century, for the first time to see the correspondence between two Swedish envoy in the Peace of Westphalia of Congress beginning in 1644 as " myket blifwa förbättrade by Balhorn ". In printed literature, the phrase then found in Johann Peter de Memel in Funny Society ( Lubeck 1656). In another variant according to printed Johann Bal ( l) horn in 1571 an edition of the textbook as a widespread Latin grammar of John Rivius in which he made unauthorized additions, and thus contributed to the formation of concepts. Rohrich concludes his article by saying that he finds Balhorn as the printer is no reason to criticize; he was rather " come quite wrongly in the bad reputation that even now [ ... ] clinging to it ."