Cangshan (Yunnan)
The Cangshan Mountains (Chinese苍山, Pinyin Cang Shan) or Diancang Mountains (点 苍山, Diancang Shan) is a mountain range in the north- west of the metropolitan area of Dali in southwest China's Yunnan Province. It is a part of Yunling mountain range (云岭, Yun Ling ).
The mountain stretches of fifty kilometers north-south direction and s twenty kilometers wide. It is located in the west of Erhai lake, between the lake and the Yangbi Jiang (漾 濞 江), the tributary of the Lancang Jiang (澜沧江). The mountain has nineteen summit ( feng ) and eighteen small rivers ( xi) and many springs of crystalline water. Its average altitude is 3,500 meters above sea level. The main peak, the Malong Feng (马龙峰) is 4,122 m high.
The mountain range forms a beautiful landscape and has a rich vegetation, which was documented in 1882 by Pierre Jean Marie Delavay.
" Clouds, snow, mountain peaks and small rivers " ( "云,雪,峰,溪" ) form the four spectacular views of the Cangshan Mountains.
Marble
The Cangshan Mountain is famous for its marble, which is processed there during the Tang Dynasty already since the time of the kingdom of Nanzhao. It occurs on all nineteen mountains of the mountain range. The rock is part of the Precambrian Cangshan group and is like the Cangshan itself part of the Yangtze craton. How many marbles, the material is slightly translucent, expressive patterned and veined.
Since the Tang period has been established on the basis of this marble deposits in the nearby town of Dali a marble processing industry, so that marble from Dali has been used in many important buildings in China. Due to the notoriety of the marble from Dali, the Chinese name for marble, Dalishi (大理石" Dali Stone " ) directs, from the name of the city. Even today, the extraction, processing and sale of marble objects is an important source of income for the region.
The white marble ( bai Dalishi白 大理石), the clouds gray ( Yunhui云 灰) and various colorful ( chunhua春花"Spring patterning " (green), Qiuhua秋 花"Autumn pattern " (brown yellow) and shuimohua水墨 花" ink pattern " (black) ) count for the Digital Museum of Earth Sciences of Nanjing University of the most precious marbles China. The marble Shuimohua applies it as the most famous and most valuable. The grain of the polished plates often look like with the ink brush painted landscapes, which are also, like Chinese landscape painting often, calligraphic decorated with texts.
19 peaks and 18 small rivers
The names of the nineteen eighteen peaks and small rivers are as follows:
19 peaks ( from north to south ): Yunnong feng云 弄 峰, Canglang feng沧浪 峰, Wutai feng五台 峰, Lianhua Feng莲花 峰, Baiyun白云峰feng, feng Heyun鹤 云峰, Sanyang feng三阳 峰, Lanfeng feng兰 峰峰, Xueren feng雪人 峰, Yingle feng应 乐 峰, Guandi feng观音 峰, feng Zhonghe中 和 峰, Longquan feng龙泉 峰, Yuju feng玉 局 峰, Malong马龙峰feng, feng Shengying圣 应 峰, Foxiang 佛 顶峰feng, feng Ma'er马 耳 峰, Xieyang feng斜阳 峰.
18 small rivers ( from north to south ): Xiayi xi霞 移 溪, Wanhua万 花溪xi, xi Yangxi阳 溪溪, Mangyong xi芒 涌 溪, Jin xi锦溪, Lingquan xi灵泉 溪, Baishi xi白石 溪, Shuangyuan xi双 鸳 溪, Yinxian xi隐 仙溪, Mei xi梅溪, Tao桃溪xi, xi Zhong中 溪, Lüyu xi绿 玉溪, Long龙溪xi, xi Qingbi清 碧溪, Mocan xi莫 残 溪, Tingying xi 葶 萤 溪, Yangnan xi阳 南溪.