Cantino planisphere
The card known as the Cantino planisphere or Cantino World - map become depicts the state of the Portuguese discoveries in 1500. It is named after Alberto Cantino, who succeeded in 1502, they smuggle for the Duke of Ferrara from Portugal to Italy. Is considered remarkable that the card depicting a part of the coast of Brazil. This was discovered in 1500 by the Portuguese navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral, who assumed to have a new, previously unknown to Europeans, Continent found. Only later was it determined that it was a part of the same continent, already pushed further north on the various Spanish expeditions were ( cf. Amerigo Vespucci).
In addition, the card contains findings from the voyages of Christopher Columbus to the Caribbean, from Vasco da Gama and Pedro Álvares Cabral later also to East Africa and India, and by Gaspar Corte- Real and Miguel Corte- Real ( the sons of the Portuguese explorer João Vaz Corte - Real) to Greenland and Newfoundland. All except Columbus had sailed under the Portuguese flag.
Genesis
Most likely it is in the Cantino planisphere - order a copy of a copy of the pattern Armazém because Guiné e Indias and the Casa da Índia in Lisbon, when the new discoveries made by Portuguese sailors were recorded. This fine specimen was kept secret and Padrão called real, which means in about Royal Standard. It is believed that it was possible Cantino to bribe a Portuguese mapmaker with 12 golden ducats, a considerable sum for that time, so this made him a copy. The copy was probably produced between December 1501 and October 1502, as is inferred from an agreement signed by Cantino letter that he sent the card on November 19, 1502 to the Duke of Ferrara.
From the Portuguese point of view, Cantino planisphere - is likely already within a few months - in which was followed by further discoveries associated with journeys - have been re- dated. Nevertheless, they provided the Italians with the knowledge of the Brazilian coastline and so on this part of South America long before other nations ever learned that South America could extend so far south. The geographical information from the Cantino map was shortly after they reached Italy, transferred to the Italian-made Caveri card. As a result, the latter was probably the primary source for the presentation of the newly discovered western countries in the world map of Martin Waldseemüller in the year 1507.
Description
The card has the dimensions 218 x 102 cm and consists of three mutually glued parchment leaves. She is drawn and colored by hand.
An inscription on the back of the card reads: " Carta de Navigar per le Isole nouam trovate in le parte de India: dono Alberto Cantino al S. Duca Hercole ". For this reason it is called Cantino world map or as Cantino planisphere -.
Cartographic details
The line of demarcation of the Treaty of Tordesillas is already marked on the map.
The map shows the North American coast of Florida already almost in the correct position with respect to Cuba. Refers to the area in the mid-Atlantic, Cantino as " Terra del Rey de Portugall " ( land of the king of Portugal), is one of the earliest depictions of Newfoundland.
The Reunion Island he named Dina Margabim, Mauritius and Rodrigues Dina Dina AROBI Mozare. The discoveries of Pedro Cabral and Vasco da Gama, ie the sea route to India and Brazil for the first time are shown.
History of the map
The card was kept in the Ducal Library in Ferrara for more than 90 years until she was spent by Pope Clement VIII in a palace in Modena. More than two centuries later, in 1859, this palace was looted and the Cantino map was lost. In the same year, she was again found by Giuseppe Boni, director of the Biblioteca Estense, in a butcher's shop in Modena.
The map was first published by Henry Harrisse in the font Les Corte- Real et leurs voyages au nouveau monde d'après les - nouveaux ou peu documents connus Tires des archives de Lisbonne et de suivi du texte Modène INED. d'un récit de la troisième expédition de Gaspar Corte- Real et d'une importante de l' année carte nautique portugaise 1502 reproduite ici pour la première fois: Mémoire à l' Académie lu et belles lettres of the inscription [ ... ] as addition, under the title fragment you planisphère envoyé de Lisbonne à Hercule d' Este, duke of Ferrare avant le 19 nov. 1502 / par Alberto Cantino de la grandeur de l' original [ ... ] calque sur l' original par M de Malatesta, Zattera, e Antilli [ ... ] et reproduit en père et fils Pilinski facsimile par [ ... ] ( series: Recueil de voyages et de documents pour servir à l' histoire de la géographie depuis le 13e jusqu ' à la fin du 16e siècle, publ sous la direction de Ch [ arles ] Schefer et Henri Cordier; 3 Paris:. Leroux, 1883).
Henry Harrisse was in 1889 previously unpublished reports of Ercole I d' Este at Cantino on Vasco da Gama out: Document inédit concernant Vasco da Gama: Relation addressing a Hercule d' Este, duke of Ferrare par son ambassadeur a la cour de Portugal. Ris -Orangis (Seine- et- Oise, now at Paris ), 1889.
Currently, the Cantino map is in the Biblioteca Estense in Modena, Italy.
The Dutch historian Gerard Vindt deals with the history of the card Cantinos in a popular science novel. He describes, literary freely as the only - and because of their power-political importance classified as a state secret - World Map of Portuguese king was stolen from the cartographic studio of Lisbon.