Chisel

Chisels are tools for cutting wood processing. Generally, a distinction in the craft coarser and finer chisel chisels, although the shapes are similar and define the standards differently.

Basics

Beitel consist of a handle made ​​of wood or plastic, each with a metal ring, both at the top end (mounting ring ) and at the lower end ( ferrule ) and the blade is made of polished and hardened steel.

• The brass knuckles is there that the handle is not damaged by the blows necessary when working with the knock wood - finer carving tools that are not beaten, but be conducted only dispense with the brass knuckles.
• The clamp is designed to prevent the hilt (handle ) tears when the tang of the blade ( the tang ) is driven into the magazine.

Chisels and chisels have the same structure. They consist of a blade of tool steel with cutting edge, Crown and Angel. The crown avoids the deeper penetration of the blade into the hilt. The Angel serves to fix the issue. The end of the steel has the polished cutting face, with which the wood is processed in the horizontal movement. This is done under the consideration of the grain of the wood. In the vertical movement in the wood, which must overcome the resistance of the grain of the wood, must be used with the hammer. This usually comes in front -fit inlet works. While with a chisel at locations which are to be extended straight, flat, the chip is separated from the wood can be hollowed out with Gouges through its hollow shape the wood. Be " separated " components, the chips are waste - The chip removal is a parting (machining ), not a cutting ( separating ).

History

Stemmeisenähnliche tools for execution of fine woodwork are known by archaeological finds since Neolithic times. First were devices from bone or antler material, later also chisel- like stone tools in use. With the advent of metals gouge were eventually made ​​during the Bronze Age bronze and since the Iron Age, iron and steel. The shapes of the gouge were very early optimized so that they are up to modern times only slightly changed. Thus, the early forms of Metallbeitel had a Tüllenschäftung and from Roman times sat down more and more reinforced with a metal ring scarf on a mandrel through.

Molding

Chisels, chisel ( flat iron)

Chisel and wood chisel are tools for mortising and stinging.

According to DIN 5139 Form A distinction is made with straight edges and form B with beveled edges in cross section. The beveled edges of the form B permit a clean cutting of sharp corners, for example, the tines.

The standard widths: 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 35, 40 mm. The mortise chisel ( chisel ) is used for chiselling out mortises for mortise and tenon joint. Because the blade is used for balancing out the loose chips, it must have a higher resistance. Be the standard widths: 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13 and 16 mm (DIN 5143 ). Thus, in the caulking work no lateral friction is actually no terminals by twisting (corners) occurs, the punch on the mirror side is slightly wider than on the chamfered side.

Gouges

The gouges or gouge is used to Nachstechen round indentations. It has an approximately semi- circular blade in cross section and serves for cutting concave recesses, but is also suitable for sheet-like work, such as linear. According to DIN 5142, they are produced in a radius of 3 to 25 mm and in widths between 6 and 32 mm. The iron is sharpened from the outside inwards.

The splitting of the booklets in the drilling and hammering of the iron is prevented by a metal ferrule. The upper end is provided with a knuckle-duster. Particularly resistant notebooks are made ​​of plastic. All books are shaped so that a sliding of the hand is avoided. Some manufacturers also give the book an oval cross section, which is to impede the unwinding from the work surface such as the bench of the carpenter.

Important is the correct, firm seat of the booklet. Thus the force of the blow is optimally transferred to the cutting edge, the central axis of the folder in her extension must pass exactly through the Beitelachse.

A distinction is made between straight and curved gouge.

Kantenbeitel

The Kantenbeitel is a tool of Wagner and carpenters. It resembles a wood chisel and used for chiselling very deep holes.

The name comes from the Kantenbeitel running in the direction of the axis edge is formed by two inclined surfaces and significantly increases the effect of the tool.

Drechselbeitel (moving iron )

Also Drechselbeitel or moving iron can not be used with a hammer, but on the lathe for cutting rotating pieces of wood. The shape is also another. There a distinction chisel with straight cross-section and tubes with semi-circular cross section - and there is a large number of special shapes especially for the leisure sector. The booklets have no rear metal ring and are often very long, depending on the blade shape and size of 70 cm and more. Frequently Drechselbeitel or moving iron are sold without handle and folders from Drechsler, at its ergonomics and operation itself produced.