Chuck (engineering)
As chuck a device is referred to, the use of tools, the tools such as drills or milling cutters receives ( chuck ) or the workpiece to be machined ( Chucks ).
Clamping head lining
Clamping head lining usually work after the principle of traction. The chuck is engaged by an AC device into the draw mechanism. The clamping cylinder pulls him over the draft tube into the taper of the chuck body. Link between the draft tube and draw mechanism is the drawtube. He and the spindle flange are adapted to reflect the specific machine. Clamping head chucks are balanced to high degree of balance and have chuck-side on a stroke limiter in both directions. All jaws of the chuck have a groove for the radial fixation. Clamping head lining are characterized by high rigidity, concentricity precision and Umrüstfreundlichkeit.
Chuck
Chuck often work in the way that the fixated part is clamped between three jaws ( three-jaw chuck ). This construction has the advantage that fixed application tools (eg a drill ) can be centered well, which is particularly important for fast- moving machinery. Inside the liner, there is a screw, which pushes the clamping jaws in the spinnig in a cone and thereby biases the tool. Keyless drill chuck can be despite high clamping forces easily close and open by hand. Higher clamping forces at hand drills offer geared chuck by tensioning with a chuck key. Maschinenbohrfutter on milling and boring machines must also be attracted because of the high torques using appropriate tools. Chuck for drill rock drilling hammers to clamp the tool in an SDS chuck nor by power circuit, but allow axial movement of the tool and transfer the torque by means of positive locking.
Chucks
Chucks referred to the chuck for turning machines. The ordinary clamp chuck, round or regularly shaped three - and six - edged workpieces in three jaws ( three-jaw chuck ), dimensionally accurate round and four -, or eight-sided workpieces in 4 jaws ( four-jaw chuck ). Special forms also carry two or more than four jaws. When tightening the jaws move smoothly toward the axis of rotation so that the workpiece is fixed always centered. To counteract the enormous centrifugal forces of the clamping jaws in high-speed lathes, are located in the feed centrifugal weights, which lever presses on the jaws on the workpiece. The jaws are normally made of hardened steel, a better rotation is achieved, however, with soft jaws, as can be here compensate by turning out of the jaws the game in the guides. Hand operated chucks are used in conventional lathes. You need to be opened or closed with a spanner. Hydraulic chuck ( chuck power ) usually come with CNC machines. You will manually programmatically by a pedal or automatic insertion by the controller operates (for example, rod material is drawn with the rod gripper automatically from the chuck ).
Other fixtures on the lathe: two-jaw chuck, clamping between centers, faceplate, rotary arbors and mandrels, collet chuck, steady rest ( steady rest ).
Shrink chuck
One of the most accurate tensioning systems on milling machines in terms of concentricity provides the clamping with a shrink chuck. In the end face of the chuck there is a bore that is slightly smaller than the diameter of the cutter shaft. By means of induction heating the chuck expands and the router can be inserted. On cooling and associated contraction of the material the lining tightens the tool positively and dimensionally accurate. The disadvantage is that for each shaft diameter own food is necessary. Shrink chucks are used in machine tools in which the tools have to be changed several times. The defined location of the drill, the drill is thus always equal clamped in the machine and there are no deviations due to different clamping lengths of the drill.
More chuck
Chuck of hand tools (eg for clamping interchangeable blades into scalpel or for fixing various needle Feil inserts in a file handle ) often work on the same principle, but can be constructed mechanically less complex, since you usually do not operate at high speeds.