Cinema of Turkey
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The Turkish film history is part of the international film culture. While the reception of Turkish films initially more restricted to the national market, the Turkish film is above average represented at major international film festivals such as Cannes in recent decades in the face of a numerically relatively low annual production.
History
The history of Turkish cinema began in 1914 with the documentary Ayastefanos'daki Rus Abidesinin Yıkılışı the then Turkish reserve officer Fuat Uzkınay and turned soon the film adaptation of plays and novels.
From the mid- 1940s, an ongoing feature film production is established.
The range of historical productions ranged from questionable remakes of successes of American cinema, from comedies and melodramas to (initially rarer ) artistic films, as their representative internationally -known Yilmaz Güney applies today. International attention was at this time also Tunç Başaran, as well as the subsequent younger filmmakers to which Ömer Kavur, earth kiral, Orhan Oğuz and Yavuz Turgul belong.
In the 1970s, Turkey was at times the three largest film producers in the world.
On the associated with the television general crisis of cinema people reacted on the threshold of the new millennium with the targeted production on audience success tailored blockbusters that will find a large audience in other European countries, to a large extent by the respective Turkish immigrant groups. Has been discussed controversially International in this respect the Turkish production Valley of the Wolves - Iraq ( 2005).
In addition, a large independent film scene in Turkey, which will also present with high visitor numbers exist. By European standards, Turkey has, on average, the highest share of domestic films in national cinema visits, since he is around 40 % to 60 % ahead of France, which may have between 35 % annually and 45 % market share in the domestic market. However, the admissions per capita are well below the European average. Thus Germany has for a population of over 80 million around 125 million admissions to France at 65 million people up to 190 million admissions - but the high market share of Turkish Movies relates to comparatively low 38.5 million admissions (2008) for a population of over 70 million.
Recently, the Turkish film raised awareness through successful filmmakers of Turkish descent in other European countries, such as Ferzan Ozpetek (Italy ) or Fatih Akin ( Germany ). The latter was invited by the World Cinema Foundation to select older legacy worth preserving films and the internationally hitherto little-known part of the Turkish film history for restoration.