Citrobacter

Citrobacter freundii (secondary electron micrograph )

The bacteria of the genus Citrobacter is a group of Gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family ( Enterobacteriaceae ).

The three Citrobacter freundii Citrobacter species, C. koseri (formerly C. diversus called ) and C. amalonaticus use various organic materials as an energy source and building materials in oxidative and fermentative energy metabolism. You can grow with citrate as the sole energy source. Spreads are the Citrobacter species in almost all habitats, such as the ground, in water and in wastewater. They also occur as part of the intestinal flora in the gastrointestinal tract of humans. As pathogens, the bacteria rarely play a role and can cause a slight urinary tract infections.

Also rare are Citrobacter species associated with infant meningitis. This should be done first calculated therapy with a β -lactam antibiotic or 3rd generation cephalosporins. Then, possibly after conversion resistogram.

Citrobacter can by the phosphatase activity in their cell wall plutonium [ Pu ( IV) ] precipitated from aqueous solution and bind as lanthanum - phosphate complex.

Citrobacter are like some other prokaryotes able to fix nitrogen. You are diazotroph. C. freudii was found in the gut of the Mediterranean fruit fly and it is believed that the fixed bacteria of the nitrogen source organic nitrogen for a relevant insect. Thus, the flies live similar to termites and their intestinal bacteria in symbiosis.

Species

• Citrobacter amalonaticus (Young et al., 1971) Brenner & Farmer 1982
• Citrobacter braakii Brenner et al. 1993
• Citrobacter farmeri Brenner et al. 1993
• Citrobacter freundii ( Braak 1928) Werkman and Gillen 1932
• Citrobacter gillenii Brenner et al. 2000
• Citrobacter koseri Frederiksen 1970
• Citrobacter murliniae Brenner et al. 2000
• Citrobacter rodentium Schauer et al. 1996
• Citrobacter sedlakii Brenner et al. 1993
• Citrobacter werkmanii Brenner et al. 1993
• Citrobacter youngae Brenner et al. 1993