Cleyera japonica
Locking bush ( Cleyera japonica)
The locking bush ( Cleyera japonica) is a flowering plant in the family of Pentaphylacaceae. Of course, he comes in southeastern China, Taiwan, southern Japan, in northern India, Nepal and Myanmar.
- 5.1 Notes and references
Description
Vegetative characteristics
The barrier grows as evergreen shrub or tree and reaches stature heights from 2 to 10 feet. The shrub spreads an intense characteristic smell. Young twigs are terete and initially have a grayish - brown bark. The branches are easily zweigerippt and bare. The bare end buds are long - conical with a length of 1 to 1.5 cm.
The alternate arranged on the branches leaves are divided into petiole and leaf blade. The bare petioles have a length of 7 to 10 ( to 12) mm. The simple, leathery, hairless leaf blade with a length of (3.5 to ) usually 5 to 15 cm and a width usually 2.5 to 6 cm elliptic, narrow -elliptic, oblong, oblong- of (1.2 to ) elliptic, oblong- lanceolate, obovate or obovate -elliptic with smooth boundary. On each side of the main vein, six to eight, rarely up to twelve lateral nerves.
Generative features
From May to June carries the locking bush individually or threes until rare to fifth in a leaf axil its flowers each with an early- sloping cover sheet and a 1 to 3 mm long, leafless flower stalk.
The relatively small, hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry and fünfzählig double perianth. The five free, with about 2.5 mm × 2.5 mm oval to circular sepals have a ciliated border and a rounded end. The five free, white petals are obovate -oblong with a length of about 8 mm. 25 to 30, the dust leaves have a length of 4 to 6 mm. The stamens are bald. Which have a length of about 1.5 mm more or less egg shaped anther thin hair ( trichomes ). The spherical, bald ovary is zweikammerig with more than ten ovules in each chamber. The approximately 6 mm long style ends bilobed.
From October to December the attack with a diameter of 8 to 10 mm small, globular, berry-like fruits, which then are stained purple - black. The dark brown shiny seeds are flattened and have a diameter of about 2 mm.
The chromosome number is 2n = 90
Cultural and use
In Japanese, the shrub is called Sakaki (サカキor榊). As a sacred plant of Shinto it is offered in Japan in Shinto shrines and altars at home ( Kamidana ). In the Kamidana right and left branch is situated, which is twice a month, on the first and fifteenth, renewed.
The shrub is a popular garden plant in Japan's rural areas. It grows south of the Kanto area in warm regions. In the Kanto area and north of the related Hisakaki ( Eurya japonica) is used instead of Sakaki planted and used for Shinto ceremonies. Sakaki and Hisakaki can be connected to the blade shape differ: If the sheet ungeriffelt, smooth and completely green, it is the Sakaki, the sheet is small and jagged, it is the Hisakaki. To better distinguish the Sakaki it is also referred to as " original Sakaki " (本 榊honsakaki ).
In Central Europe, the barrier shrub is used as a container plant.
Etymology
The original meaning of " Sakaki " is " evergreen shrub ," and he was繁 木written. Another interpretation is that the tree at the border (境saka ) between the human world and the Kami is why the name was also written木境. The now common characters榊is a combination of tree (木ki) and Kami (神).
System
The first publication of Cleyera japonica in 1783 by Carl Peter Thunberg of Genera Plantarum Nova, 3, pp. 68-69. You no longer belongs to the family Theaceae, but Pentaphylacaceae.
There are two varieties:
- Cleyera japonica Thun. var japonica
- Cleyera japonica var wallichiana ( DC.) Sealy
Swell
- Tianlu Min & Bruce Bartholomew: Theaceae in the Flora of China, Volume 12, 2007, p 443: Cleyera japonica - Online. (Section Description and systematics)