Asterids
The asteroids ( AltGr. Ἀστήρ 'Stern' ) are a group of angiosperms. They are one of two major groups within the Eudikotyledonen. In the scheme of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group they are not a separate taxon and proportion to the scope about the former subclass Aster something similar.
Features
The asteroids are essentially characterized by molecular genetic features, there are few common morphological features. Its flowers are usually fünfzählig with a chalice and overgrown with petals. Often only one stamen circle is present. The gynoecium is grown ( synkarp ), the number of carpels is reduced in many groups. The ovules have only one integument and are tenuinucellat. The formation of the endosperm occurs cellular. Characteristic secondary ingredients are iridoids, indole and steroid alkaloids, polyacetylenes and sesquiterpene lactones.
System
The asteroids are one of two major groups within the Kerneudikotyledonen. Her sister group are the Caryophyllales. They consist of two groups of order and basally two standing orders. A cladogram is as follows:
I Euasteriden
Euasteriden II
Asterides
- Cornales
- Ericales
I Euasteriden
The Euasteriden I are in the English-language literature as Lamiiden ( type order Lamiales ). Its leaves are often against constantly and entire. In Bloom adhesions are common ( Sympetalie ): the corolla tube is created AFTER the corolla lobes (late Sympetalie ). The ovary is often too constantly, the fruits are often capsules.
The Euasteriden I include the following jurisdictions or no order allocable families:
- Boraginaceae (including Hoplestigmataceae )
- Vahliaceae
- Icacinaceae
- Metteniusaceae
- Oncothecaceae
- Garryales
- Gentianales
- Lamiales
- Solanales
The cladogram of Euasteriden I looks like this, some do not clearly be attributed to families missing:
Garryales
Gentianales
Lamiales
Solanales
Boraginaceae
Euasteriden II
The Euasteriden II in the English-language literature as Campanuliiden ( type genus Campanula to Asterales ). Its leaves are often alternate, leaf margin often cut or perforated. For them the Sympetalie occurs early, the corolla tube is produced here BEFORE the free corolla lobes (early Sympetalie ). Your ovary is often inferior, the fruits are often indehiscent fruits.
The Euasteriden II include the following orders:
- Aquifoliales
- Asterales
- Escalloniales
- Bruniales
- Paracryphiales
- Dipsacales
- Apiales
The cladogram of Euasteriden II is as follows:
Aquifoliales
Escalloniales
Asterales
Dipsacales
Paracryphiales
Apiales
Bruniales